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BTC 5-24 > EQPS > Flashcards

EQPS Flashcards

1
Q

How fast do radio waves travel?

A

300,000,000m per second

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2
Q

What is a cycle?

A

Wave travelling from 0, up and down back to 0

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3
Q

What is amplitude?

A

The maximum displacement or value attained by the wave from its mean value during a cycle

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4
Q

What is a Hertz?

A

1 oscillation/cycle

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5
Q

What is the frequency of a wave?

A

The rate of oscillation

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6
Q

What are the wavelengths for VHF?

A

1-10m

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7
Q

Equation for velocity:

A

Frequency x Wavelength

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8
Q

What use of radio waves is made in the provision of ATC?

A

Voice comms
Nav VOR/NDB
Surveillance systems
Weather radar
Data transfer

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9
Q

Advantages of FM:

A

Resilience to noise
Low power modulation
less battery power needed

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10
Q

What is attenuation?

A

A radio wave reducing in strength with range or time from the point of transmission

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11
Q

What is ducting?

A

refraction due to a temperature inversion

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12
Q

What are the common contents of a CPDLC message?

A

Flight levels
lateral deviations
route changes
clearances
routine delivery of messages

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13
Q

Advantages of AM:

A

ATC can override pilots
Heterodyne

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14
Q

What medium do we use for transmission of radar data?

A

Short distance Co-axial & Fibre optic
Long distances radio link
telephone link

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15
Q

What means do we use to communicate in ATC?

A

RTF
Direct controller to controller communication
Landlines
Interphone
intercom system
mobile phone

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16
Q

ATOTN

A

Air traffic operational telephone network

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17
Q

what is SELCAL?

A

Selective calling
RTF is replaced by ‘coded tones’ sent over RTF channels

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18
Q

What frequency does SELCAL use?

A

VHF and HF and code is found in flight plan

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19
Q

What is the AFS?

A

Aeronautical Fixed Service
A telecommunications service between specified fixed points provided primarily for the safety of air navigation and for the regular, efficient and economical operation of air services

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20
Q

What is MOTNE?

A

MET Operation Telecomms Network Europe
“A channel of AFS for the exchange of
aeronautical meteorological information”

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21
Q

What is OLDI?

A

Online Data Interchange
A protocol for co-ordination and transfer of current flight data between adjacent air traffic control units.

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22
Q

What is Radar?

A

Radio Detection and Ranging

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23
Q

How does radar work?

A

A pulse of electromagnetic energy reflects off an object

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24
Q

Which part of the Waveband spectrum is used by radar?

A

1mm - 100cm

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25
Q

What factors affect choice of Radar system?

A

Attenuation of particular wavelengths

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26
Q

Which wavelength is used for Primary approach?

A

3cm-10cm

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27
Q

Which wavelength is used for primary area radar?

A

23cm - 50cm

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28
Q

What causes clutter?

A

Ground objects
weather

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29
Q

What are the 3 basic blocks of a primary radar system?

A

Transmission
Reception
Display

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30
Q

How does the transmission block work?

A

Trigger unit sends a series of pulses to the modulator which is an ON/OFF switch for the transmitter, the transmitter sends a series of pulses to the aerial

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31
Q

How does the reception block work?

A

The signal reception block detects reflected signals and the boosted clean signal received is displayed on the situation display

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32
Q

What is PRI?

A

Pulse repetition interval

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33
Q

What factors affect radar coverage?

A

Attenuation
Ducting
Atmosphere
PRF
Transmitter power
Anaprop
Pulse length

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34
Q

How do we remove unwanted returns?

A

MTI
CP

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35
Q

What is tangental fade?

A

A target moving 90 degrees to radar beam

36
Q

What signal does the ground transponder use to request information?

A

1030MHz

37
Q

What signal is used by the airborne transponder to reply to an interrogation

A

1090MHz

38
Q

What wavelength is used for SSR systems?

A

30cm

39
Q

What modes are used for the SSR interrogator process?

A

Mode A for Ident
Mode C for Vertical info

40
Q

How many transponder codes are available?

A

4096

41
Q

What types of SSR codes can be issued?

A

Discrete
Non discrete
Special
Conspicuity

42
Q

What is CCAMS?

A

Centralised code assignment and management system

43
Q

What are Emergency codes?

A

7700- General emergency
7600- Radio Failure
7500- Unlawful Interference

44
Q

What is Mode C?

A

The transmission of vertical position information is the response to an interrogation

45
Q

What are the disadvantages of SSR?

A

Garbling
Fruiting
Antenna Shadowing

46
Q

Factors determining Radar coverage? SSR

A

Aerial size and shape
Target size
Atmosphere
Transmitter power
Receiver efficiency
PRF
Pulse length

47
Q

Operational Radar procedures are determined using which vertical coverage diagram?

A

UCD

48
Q

What does mode S Elementary provide?

A

Position
Ident
Altitude

49
Q

Mode S frequency band?

A

1030MHz and 1090MHz

50
Q

Mode S Elementary allows what functionality?

A

24bit Ident on Mode A
25ft altitude reporting Mode C

51
Q

What operational improvements will be made with enhanced Mode S?

A

datalink
automatic provision of airborne data

52
Q

What are the safety benefits of EHS?

A

Early detection of A/C movement
Level busts

53
Q

What are the capacity benefits of EHS?

A

Reduced workload
Direct up to date info to ATCO
Reduced RTF occupancy

54
Q

What is Multi-radar processing?

A

Processing signals from disparate radar/surveillance sites

55
Q

What items are depicted on a video map?

A

Significant points
Final approach tracks
airspace restrictions
CAS boundaries
Coastlines and rivers

56
Q

What moveable data is available on radar?

A

ERBM
Curser
DF bearing
Alpha numeric
symbols

57
Q

What is ADS?

A

A means by which aircraft and other objects can automatically transmit and or receive data such as identification, position and additional data , as appropriate, In broadcast mode via a data link

58
Q

What info does ADS broadcast?

A

Horizontal position
vertical position
velocity

59
Q

How can other aircraft make use of ADS data?

A

Use it in order to facilitate airborne traffic situational awareness, spacing and self separation

60
Q

What are the primary types of ADS message?

A

position
identification
velocity

61
Q

What are the 3 ‘On-event’ messages?

A

Trajectory
status
test

62
Q

What is the maximum and minimum accuracy of a position report for ADS-B?

A

7.5nm
>20nm

63
Q

what are the aircraft requirements?

A

GPS navigation
Mode-S transponder
Avionics capable of providing correct data
Correct connections between the three

64
Q

What is ADS C?

A

C = Contract

65
Q

MLAT questions

A

Triangulation of mode S sources

66
Q

AFTN

A

Aeronautical fixed telecommunications network
Each station has its own individual address
consisting of 8 letters

67
Q

The AFTN permits transmission of the following:
PERMITTED TRANSMISSION MATERIAL
Permitted Signs:

A

Alphabet
Numbers
Colon :
Semi-colon ;
Decimal Point .
Apostrophe ’
Oblique /
Plus +
Question Mark ?
Brackets ()
Comma ,
Double Hyphen =

68
Q

AFTN Messages shall not contain the abbreviations:

A

SOH, STX, ETX, ZCZC, NNNN.

69
Q

AFTN message priorities:

A

1- SS (distress and traffic)
2- DD or FF (urgency) (Flight safety messages)
3- GG or KK (Met messages) (regularity messages) (Aeronautical administrative Message)

70
Q

Who assigns AFTN priority?

A

The person who signs off the message

71
Q

When would a GG message be an FF message?

A

When the require immediate action

72
Q

GG message

A

Met messages
regularity messages
Aeronautical administrative Message
NOTAMS and SNOWTAMS

73
Q

FF messages

A

anything regarding movement and control

74
Q

KK messages

A

Reservation messages
General Aircraft Operating Agency Messages

75
Q

What is the reliability of OLDI?

A

99.86%

76
Q

OLDI benefits

A

Automation of routine actions
Reduced controller workload
Better situational awareness
Indirect improvement of ATS system safety features.

77
Q

Other AFTN networks-

A

OFTS
SITA

78
Q

IACM

A

INDRA AIRSPACE CAPACITY MANAGER

79
Q

EXCDS

A

EXTENTED COMPUTOR DISPLAY SYSTEM

80
Q

SWIM

A

SYSTEM WIDE INFORMATION MANAGMENT

81
Q
A
82
Q

Advantages of PSR over SSR?

A

Self contained
Independent operation
Non reliant
Permanent echoes
Weather info

83
Q

Advantages of SSR over PSR?

A

Lower transmitter power
No ground weather or clutter
Simple display of Ident
Vertical info
Emergency squawks
Independent of echoing area

84
Q

Disadvantages of PSR over SSR?

A

No level info
No ident
Weather clutter
Range depends on specific factors
No emergency indication

85
Q

ADS-C contracts

A

Periodic
Demand
Event

86
Q

Types of ACARS messages

A

ATC
AOC
AAC

BTC 5-24 (9 decks)

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