Equal Protection Exam

Question 1

What is the definition of public opinion according to the document?

Answer 1

opinions of citizens that are openly stated

Question 2

what is considered the strongest agent of political socialization

Answer 2

family

Question 3

what is political culture?

Answer 3

the characteristic and deep-seated beliefs of a particular people about government and politics

Question 4

what is NOT a primary socialization agent?

Answer 4

church

Question 5

what is party identification

Answer 5

emotional loyalty to a political party

Question 6

what is the traditional method of measuring public opinion

Answer 6

public opinion polls

Question 7

which group is considered a secondary agent of political socialization

Answer 7

peers

Question 8

What is selective perception

Answer 8

the process of interpreting information based on party identification

Question 9

what is NOT a problem associated with public opinion polls

Answer 9

high accuracy rates

Question 10

what is the primary method for measuring public opinion today?

Answer 10

public opinion polls

Question 11

what ideology is characterized by a coherent set of political beliefs

Answer 11

populism

Question 12

what is sampling error?

Answer 12

margin of error in a poll’s results

Question 13

which is a group orientation influencing political opinion

Answer 13

economic class

Question 14

what can lead to major shifts in political loyalty according to the document?

Answer 14

economic changes

Question 15

how do leaders influence public opinion

Answer 15

by concerted effort and strategic communication

Question 16

what are the limits on public influence on policy

Answer 16

inconsistencies in citizens policy preferences

Question 17

what is a significant factor in the accuracy of public opinion polls?

Answer 17

sampling error

Question 18

how do traditional methods of measuring public opinions differ from polls

Answer 18

they rely on election results

Question 19

what is the role of crosscutting cleavages in political opinion

Answer 19

they create divisions within group orientations

Question 20

what is true about the influence of public opinion on policy

Answer 20

some policy actions are outside boundaries of public acceptability

Question 21

what does the fourteenth amendment equal protection clause forbid

Answer 21

schools from segregating students

Question 22

which landmark case banned forced segregation in schools?

Answer 22

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Question 23

what was a supreme court solution to address school segregation 15 years after Brown v. Board of Education

Answer 23

encouraging busing

Question 24

what is assumed about laws under the strict-scrutiny test

Answer 24

unconstitutional in that absence of an overwhelming justification

Question 25

what does the civil rights act of 1964 prohibit in public accomidations

Answer 25

discrimination based on race

Question 26

who led the busing boycott that was a major impetus behind the civil rights act of 1964?

Answer 26

Martin Luther King Jr

Question 27

what year did women acquire the right to vote in the United States

Answer 27

1964

Question 28

what group saw the most success with strikes in the 60s and 70s

Answer 28

migrant farm workers

Question 29

which major legal change occurred regarding Asian American immigration in 1965

Answer 29

ban all Asian immigration

Question 30

what did the 24th amendment achieve

Answer 30

prohibited poll taxes

Question 31

what practice does the civil rights act of 1968 prohibit

Answer 31

redlining

Question 32

what is de facto discrimination based on?

Answer 32

social, economic, cultural biases

Question 33

which case is associated with affirmative action in law

Answer 33

Univ of California regents v. bakke

Question 34

what describes the economic and social condition of many black families post civil rights movement

Answer 34

high rate of dissolution

Question 35

what does age discrimination act aim to prevent

Answer 35

employment discrimination against older Americans

Question 36

what landmark decision legalized same-sex marriage in some states

Answer 36

obergefell v. Hodges

Question 37

what is a significant characteristic of Asian American communities mentioned in the text

Answer 37

high emphasis on academic achievement

Question 38

which act supports full and equal opportunities for disabled Americans

Answer 38

Americans with disabilities act

Question 39

what issues does the "feminization of poverty" refer to

Answer 39

higher poverty rates among women

Question 40

what does the voting rights act of 1965 allow federal agents to do

Answer 40

oversee voter registration