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A level physics OCR A > Equations and constants > Flashcards

Equations and constants Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Specific charge

A

charge (C) /mass (Kg) unit- C/Kg

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2
Q

The energy of a photon

A

Planck constant (J) * frequency (Hz) unit- Js (joule seconds)

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3
Q

work function

A

Planck constant * threshold frequency

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4
Q

photoelectric equation

A 
Planck constant * frequency(hz) = 
work function(j) + KE(max)(j)
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5
Q

stopping potential of an electron

A

stopping potential * charge of electron = kinetic energy

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6
Q

the equation for the change in energy between energy levels

A

ΔE=E1-E2=hf (this shows that the change in energy level is exactly equal to the energy of the photon emitted)

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7
Q

de Broglie’s equation for wavelength

A

wavelength= plank constant / momentum

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8
Q

Frequency (using #oscillations)

A

oscillations / time(s)

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9
Q

Frequency (using periods)

A

1 / period(s)

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10
Q

wave speed

A

frequency(Hz)*wavelength (m) speed in m/s

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11
Q

string tension

A

mass held(kg) * gravity(m/s^2) tension-N

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12
Q

mass per unit length of a string

A

mass of string(kg) / length(m)

mass per length in Kg/m

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13
Q

frequency of the first harmonic of a string

A

(1/ (2*length(m))) * (square root (tension(N)/ mass per unit length(Kg/m))) frequency in Hz

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14
Q

spacing between fringes in the double-slit experiment

A

(λ*distance from slits to screen)/space between slits

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15
Q

the pattern of a diffraction grating

A

slit spacing * Sin(angle between the maximum and zero-order line) = λ of incident light * order of the maximum

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16
Q

slit spacing

A

1/x (x= number of slits per meter)

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17
Q

refractive index

A

speed of light in a vacuume / speed of light in the material

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18
Q

Snell’s law

A

starting refractive indexSin(i)=ending refractive indexSin(r)

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19
Q

the equation for the critical angle

A

Sin (the critical angle) =
the refractive index of the less optically dense material
/
the refractive index of the more optically dense material

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20
Q

moment of a force

A

force (N) * perpendicular distance from the turning point to the line of action of the force (m)

moment in Nm

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21
Q

moment of a couple

A

force (N) * perpendicular distance between the lines of action of the two forces (m)

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22
Q

velocity

A

Δdisplacement / Δtime

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23
Q

average speed/velocity

A 
total distance (or displacement for velocity)
/ total time
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24
Q

acceleration

A

Δvelocity / Δtime

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25
S, U, V, A, T equations
v=u+a*t s= ((u+v)/2)*t s= (u*t) + 1/2(a*t^2) v^2= u^2 + 2*a*s
26
verticle and horizontal components of a projectiles displacement on a trajectory graph
verticle displacement- Total displacement* Sin(θ) | horizontal displacement- Total displacement* Cos(θ)
27
vertical and horizontal components of a projectiles velocity on a trajectory graph
vertical velocity- total velocity* Sin(θ) | horizontal velocity- total velocity* Cos(θ)
28
observed value
true value + Random error + systematic error
29
density
mass (Kg)/ Volume (m^3) density in Kg/m^3
30
pressure in a fluid
depth(m) * density of the fluid(Kg/m^3) * acceleration due to gravity(m/s^2)
31
work done
force(N) * distance(m) work done in joules (J)
32
kinetic energy
1/2 * mass(kg) * velocity^2(m/s) KE in joules(j)
33
Δgravitational potential energy
mass(kg) * g(m/s^2) * change in hight(m) GPE in joules(j)
34
wave intensity
power(W) / Area(m^2) intensity- W/m^2
35
elastic potential energy
1/2 * spring constant (N/m) * extension^2 (m) EPE in joules(j)
36
power
energy transferred(j) / time(s) power in Watts(W)
37
power (using velocity)
force(N) * velocity(m/s) power in Watts(W)
38
efficiency
useful energy(j) / total Energy (j) *100 if you want %efficiency no units
39
force on a spring
spring constant(N/m) * extension(m) Force in Newtons (N)
40
stress
force along the axis (N) / cross-esctional area(m^2) stress in pascals(Pa or N/m^2)
41
strain
extension(m) / original length(m) strain has no units
42
youngs modulus
stress(N/m^2) / strain
43
newtons second law
Force(N)= Mass(kg) * acceleration (m/s^2)
44
impulse
Force(N) * time(s) impulse is in kg m/s
45
charge
current(A) * time(s) charge in coulombs (c)
46
Potential Difference
work done(j) / charge(c) potential difference in volts(v)
47
Electromotive force
(cells internal resistance(Ω) + circuit resistance(Ω) ) * current (A) EMF in volts (v)
48
Ohm's law
voltage(v) = current(A) * resistance(Ω)
49
the resistivity of a wire
(resistance(Ω) * cross sectional area (m^2)) / wire length(m) resistivity in ohms (Ωm)
50
three equations for electrical power
current(A) * voltage(V) current^2(A) * resistance(Ω) voltage^2(V) / resistance(Ω) power in Watts(W)
51
internal resistance
(electromotor force(V) - voltage(V) ) / current(A) internal resistance in ohms (Ω)
52
specific heat capacity equation
``` energy required(j)= mass(kg) * specific heat * Δtemp(k) ``` specific heat in joules per kilogram per kelvin
53
specific latent heat equation
``` energy required(j)= mass(kg) * latent heat (j/kg) ```
54
three equations using the Boltzmann constant
ideal gas constant * moles(mol) = Boltzmann constant * number of molecules Avogadro's constant = ideal gas constant / Boltzmann constant pressure(Pa)*volume(m^3) = number of molecules * Boltzmann constant * temp(k)
55
work done by an expanding gas
pressure(Pa) * Δvolume(m^3) work in joules (j)
56
atomic mass unit
1.66*10^-27 kg
57
the equation for radiation pressure
pressure(Pa) * volume (m^3) = | 1/3 * number of molecules * mass(kg) * velocity^2 (m/s)
58
angular velocity
Δangle(rad) / Δtime(s) angular speed in radians per second (rad/s)
59
arc of a circle segment
angle(rad) / radius(m) arc in metres (m)
60
velocity (from angular velocity)
the radius of the circle(m) * angular velocity(m/s) velocity in m/s
61
circular motion's period
1 / circular motions frequency(hz) period in seconds (s)
62
angular velocity (from period and frequency)
2π * circular motion frequency(hz) 2π / circular motion period(s) angular velocity in rad/s
63
3 equations for centripetal acceleration
Δvelocity(m/s) / Δtime(s) velocity^2 (m/s) / radius(m) angular velocity^2 (m/s) * radius(m) acceleration in m/s^2
64
the simple harmonic motion equation
acceleration(m/s^2) = | -(angular velocity^2) (m/s) * displacement(m)
65
maximum acceleration of simple harmonic motion
angular velocity^2(m/s) * maximum displacement(m) acceleration in m/s^2
66
period of a spring with a mass on
2π * root( mass(kg) / spring constant(N/m) ) the period in seconds(s)
67
displacement in simple harmonic motion
amplitude(m) * Cos(angular velocity(m/s) * time(s) ) displacement in metres (m)
68
amplitude in simple harmonic motion
Cos(angular velocity(m/s) * time(s) ) = 1 amplitude in metres(m)
69
maximum speed in simple harmonic motion
angular velocity(m/s) * amplitude(m) speed in m/s
70
period of a pendulum
2π * root(length of string(m) / gravity(m/s^2) ) the period in seconds (S)
71
gravitational force
(gravitational constant * first mass * second mass) / the distance between the two objects ^2
72
gravitational field strength
the gravitational force on the object | /mass of the object

A level physics OCR A (15 decks)

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