Equilibrium

Question 1

A reaction is in equilibrium when???

Answer 1

1. the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the backward reaction
2. The concentration of the reactants and the concentration of the products remain constant

Question 2

Le Châtelier’s Principle

Answer 2

“When a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in temperature, pressure,
or concentration of a reacting species; the system responds by attaining a new
equilibrium that partially offsets the impact of the change”

Question 3

if Q=K

Answer 3

The reaction is already at equilibrium

Question 4

if Q>K…

Answer 4

The reaction proceeds to the LEFT because there is excess product so the reaction will proceed towards the reactants

Question 5

if Q<K…

Answer 5

The reaction proceed to the RIGHT because there is excess reactant so the reaction will proceed towards the products

Question 6

What is Quotient(Q) in equilibrium???

Answer 6

This is the value that determines the direction the reaction goes.

The formular is the same as K but the values used are the initial values not the equilibrium values

Question 7

K(p)=

Answer 7

K(c)*(RT)^n(gas)

*n(gas) is the same as the one from Enthalpy and energy

Question 8

Concentration is equal to

Answer 8

number of moles/volume

Question 9

Effect of multiplying balanced reactions by coefficients on K

Answer 9

2 NO2(g) -> <- N2O4(g)
K=x

1. NO2(g) -> <- ½ N2O4(g)
   K=X^(1/2)
2. 4 NO2(g) -> <- 2 N2O4(g)
   K=X^2
3. N2O4(g) -> <- 2 NO2(g)
   K=1/x

Question 10

ax ≈ [X] is…

Answer 10

for a solute (in mol/L, or M)

Question 11

ax = Px is…

Answer 11

for a gas (in bar)

Question 12

ax = 1 is…

Answer 12

for solids and liquids therefore we do not include them in our calculations for K(equilibrium constant)

Question 13

aA + bB -> <- cC + dD

Answer 13

𝐾 =
(𝑎𝐶)^𝑐(𝑎𝐷)𝑑/(𝑎𝐴)^𝑎*(𝑎𝐵)^𝑏

Question 14

What does the value of K say about the reaction???

Answer 14

1. very small K means that there was little to no reaction because there is very little product formed.
2. very large K means that the reaction goes to completion because there is very little reactant remaining.
3. internediate K means that the are significant amounts of reactants and product