Equilibrium Topic 7 Unit 2 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is a irreversible reaction
A reaction where reactants cannot change into products but the products cannot change back into the reactants
What are examples of irreversible reactions
Baking a cake, burning a newspaper and magnesium with acid
What is a reversible reaction
A reaction where reactants can change into products and the products can change back into the reactants
What is an equilibrium?
Reversible reactions that happen in a closed system eventually reach an equilibrium
What is an open system?
If a chemical reaction happens in a container where one or more of the reactants or products can escape.
What is a closed system?
When a chemical reaction happens in a container where none of the products or reactants can escape.
What is dynamic equilibrium?
When the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of reverse reaction resulting in the amount of reactants and products remaining constant
What happens if there are more products than reactants?
The position of equilibrium is to the right-hand side
What happens if there are more reactants than products?
Position of equilibrium is to the left
What is the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction?
A measure of how far the reaction has went to the right (towards products) or has it stayed at the left (towards reactants)
What is le châtelier’s principle?
If a change is made to the conditions of a system at equilibrium, then the position of equilibrium moves to oppose the change in conditions.
What is a homogenuous reaction?
All the reactants and products are in the same state.
What is the change of concentration in the lungs?
The concentration of oxygen increases and then there is a shift of the equilibrium to the right.
What is the change in concentration in the tissues?
The concentration of oxygen decreases and then the equilibrium shifts to lift.
When does the equilbrium change under pressure?
If there is at least 1 gas present
What happens if the pressure is increased?
The equilibrium will go to the right, creating more product
What happens to the equilibrium if pressure is reduced?
The equilibrium will reduce to the left, resulting in more reactants
What happens if the forward reaction is exothermic and temperature increased?
The yield of products is decreased
What happens if the forward reaction is endothermic and temperature is increased?
The yield of products is increased
What happens if temperature is increased?
Shift in endothermic direction
What happens if the temperature is decreased?
Shift in exothermic direction
What is the haber process?
The industrial manufacture of ammonia
What happens to ammonia production at lower temperatures?
The yield of ammonia is better at lower temperature.
What temperature is the haber process done at?
450°C - a high enough temperature for fast reaction and good amonia yield
