Equine Health Maint.

Question 1

What are the AAEP core vaccines?

Answer 1

EEE/WEE, WNV, RV, Tetanus every 2 year in non freezing enviro like MS, or 1/year in freezing enviro. like up north (besides RV which is state dependent)

Question 2

How often must we give RV to horses in MS since it is state dependent on rules?

Answer 2

1x/year

Question 3

What is Mochal’s vaccine plan for competitive horses in MS?

Answer 3

JAN *January – EEE, WEE, WNV + tetanus combo, rabies, Calvenza (flu & Herpes)
JUNE *June – EEE, WEE, WNV, calvenza (flu and Herpes)

Question 4

Where are the injection sites landmarks in the neck?

Answer 4

1. dorsally nuchal ligament
2. caudally scapula
3. ventrally cervical vertebrae

Question 5

Where are the landmarks for IM injections in the rear?

Answer 5

semitendinosus, semimembranous

avoid in between these muscle bellies and avoid the tuber ischii*

Question 6

What is a delayed type 3 vaccine reaction?

Answer 6

Uncommon, wheels/urticaria, 5 hours to one day

Question 7

How can we prevent vax rxns?

Answer 7

administer 1 vax/day, give with Banamine if type 3

Question 8

What are acute type 1 reactions?

Answer 8

Hypothermia, respiratory distress, cardiovascular collapse

15-20 min, tx with steroids and Benadryl

Question 9

Which reaction from vaccines is the toxic type?

Answer 9

Type 1- fatal hyperthermic/CV collapse/dyspneic

Question 10

A vax reaction occurred 10-15 mins after vax and was described as hyperthermia, respiratory issues and CV issues- what is the type of rxn?

Answer 10

acute type 1

Question 11

A vax rxn occurred 5+ hours vax and was described as welts, wheels, and urticaria- what type of vaccine rxn is this?

Answer 11

Delayed type 3

Question 12

Is acute (type 1) vax rxn a reason to no longer to vaccinate?

Answer 12

YES!! Do not vaccinate with acute type 1 but type 3 we still do vaccinate

Question 13

Types of reactions- 
Type 1 A 
Type 2 B 
Type 3 C 
Type 4 D

Answer 13

Type 1 A- allergy
Type 2- B- Blood reaction where antibodies attach to RBC
Type 3- C- immune complexes
Type 4- D- Delayed type

Question 14

Type 3 = is shown by _____

Answer 14

urticaria

Question 15

How to treat acute rxn? How to prevent it??

Answer 15

steroids & Diphenhydramine; prevent with 1 vax a day and Banamine premed

Question 16

Which is worse for mortality.. EEE or WEE?

Answer 16

EEE

Question 17

EEE is a ____ vaccine and is not super effective so needs to be done 2x/year

Answer 17

killed

Question 18

What viruses uses birds as hosts and mosquitos as carriers?

Answer 18

EEE, WEE, WNV

Question 19

Incubation time of influenza in horses and top two CS:

Answer 19

1-3 days; cough and fever but moreso cough

Question 20

EHV-1 likes _____ but EHV-4 likes_____

Answer 20

neuro and endothelium; respiratory epithelium

Question 21

EHV-1 preg mares need to be vax when in gestation? What vax MUST you use for this?

Answer 21

Months 5, 7, 9; MUST use killed… MLV will abort the fetus!!!!

Question 22

EIA can be transmitted from mare to foal in pregnancy. T/F

Answer 22

true!!!

Question 23

Causes of laminitis

Answer 23

EMS, glucorticoids, cushings, road founder, black walnut bedding, compensatory efforts with grade 5/5 lameness, long trailer, endotoxin (colic)

Question 24

What is the injection needle size for IM injections (like vaccines)?

Answer 24

20G 1 and 1/2 inch needle

Question 25

What is the best vac for prevention of flu in horses???

Answer 25

Intranasal is best at prevention – IgA mucosal immunity

Question 26

which vax should be given LAST?

Answer 26

Intranasal strangles vaccine

Question 27

Repro vax- Equine Viral Arteritis schedule

Answer 27

• Colts b/w 6-12 months, then annually for breeding use

* Susceptible mares breeding to a carrier stallion

Question 28

What are the 3 repro vax given to mare during gestation???

Answer 28

Lepto, Equine Viral arteritis, and EHV-1