Equity - Unit 1 Test

Question 1

What is Attitude?

Answer 1

Attitude is a way of thinking. You attitude often affects your thinking. (ex. Some communities feel men and women should act a certain way; this is an attitude about gender.

Question 2

What is Discrimination?

Answer 2

1. Discrimination: Unfair or unequal treatment of individuals or a group, often based on factors like age, sex, ability, ethnicity, gender, etc.
2. Systemic Discrimination: Discrimination that is embedded in laws, institutions, and policies, making it a part of the system’s culture. Often seen as “normal” or “the ways things are done.”

Question 3

What is The Bystander Effect?

Answer 3

The bystander effect (bystander apathy) is a psychological phenomenon that shows the larger the group of bystanders is, the less likely that any individual will step up and take responsibility.

Question 4

What is Social Activism?

Answer 4

Social activism is social change that happens when people take action against social injustices as it can occur through protests, policy change, awareness campaigns, and education.
- Social media can also play a part as it helps spread awareness, helps connect activists globally, and mobilize support for causes. Youth today can amplify their voices and advocate for change.

Question 5

What are the 4 Different types of Social Activists?

Answer 5

• Citizen: Everyday people who support movements, provide legitimacy, and prevent violent action.
• Reformer: Works within legal and political systems to change laws, policies, and ensure their enforcement.
• Rebel: Uses movements and demonstrations to highlight social issues and pressure authorities to act.
• Change Agent: Promote large-scale social and political issues to shift (change), promote democracy, and challenge authority when necessary.

Question 6

What is Equity? What is Equality?

Answer 6

• Equity: Treating people differently, each according to their needs, to achieve equal outcomes.
• Equality: Treating everyone exactly the same.

Question 7

What is Indigenous Knowlege?

Answer 7

Indigenous Knowlege refers to diverse knowledge systems of Indigenous Peoples, shaped by their cultures, languages, histories, values, and governance.

Question 8

What are the Key Traits of Indigenous Knowlege? The challenges?

Answer 8

Key Traits:
- Place-Based: Rooted in a deep connection to the land and environment.
- Cumulative and Evolving: Grows from past knowledge and adapts.
- Diverse: First Nations, Inuit, and Mètis Peoples have distinct traditions and ways of passing down knowledge.

Challenges: Colonialism has disrupted Indigenous Knowlege, however, communities continue efforts to preserve languages, traditions, and governance systems.

Question 9

What is Cultural Relativism?

Answer 9

That no culture is superior or inferior; all cultures should be understood within their own context. However, oppressive power structures influence cultural dominance.

Question 10

What is Social Justice?

Answer 10

Social justice is a movement identifying and addressing societal injustices. It seeks to change political, economic, and social structures that sustain oppression (Racism, Patriarchy, Capitalism).

Question 11

What is Wokeness?

Answer 11

A state of being aware of social injustices and actively engaging to address them.

Question 12

What is Political Correctness (PC)?

Answer 12

A practice of avoiding languages, actions, or policies that marginalize or discrimination against a disadvantaged group.
- This originated from the Marxist-Leninist ideology that enforces people to be aligned with the ruling party’s belief.

Question 13

What is the Critical Race Theory?

Answer 13

Argues that race is a social construct used to maintain inequality.
- Developed in the 1970s.
- Examines how laws and institutions perpetuate racial discrimination.

Question 14

What is the Feminist Theory?

Answer 14

Focuses on gender inequality and oppression.

Question 15

What is the Critical Disability Theory?

Answer 15

Views disability as a social and political issue rather than just a medical condition.
- Seeks to empower disabled individuals by challenging systemic barriers.

Question 16

What are Values?

Answer 16

Values are principles or beliefs that guide decision-making and behaviors.

Question 17

What is Culture?

Answer 17

The shared customs, traditions, beliefs, and social behaviors of a group or society.

Question 18

What is Socialization?

Answer 18

The process of interacting with people and learning from those interactions. For instance, societal norms, values, and behaviors.

Question 19

What are Hegemonic Beliefs?

Answer 19

Ideas or values that are accepted as normal or dominant, often benefiting powerful groups.

Question 20

What is Individual and Social Opportunity?

Answer 20

The idea that individuals and society have the duty to promote fairness, equality, and well-being for all.

Question 21

What is Poverty?

Answer 21

The condition of not having enough money or resources for necessities like food, shelter, healthcare, etc.

Question 22

What is Racism?

Answer 22

The belief that some races are superior than others, often leading to discrimination and mistreatment.

Question 23

What are Environmental Issues?

Answer 23

Issues that impact the natural world like climate change and pollution.

Question 24

What is Social Stratification?

Answer 24

The division of society into different levels based on power, status, and wealth, often leading to inequality.

Question 25

What is Postcolonial Theory?

Answer 25

Analyzes the lasting effects of European colonial rule on modern society.

Question 26

What is Social Constructionism?

Answer 26

Means that things that we see as “natural“ are actually created by society. Ideas like gender, race, and social norms exist because people agreed upon them over time, not because they naturally fixed.

Question 27

What is Deconstruction?

Answer 27

Means breaking down ideas, beliefs, and systems to understand how they have been created and how they may reinforce inequality. It helps challenge assumptions and helps uncover hidden biases in languages, laws, and social norms to promote fairness and change.

Question 28

What is the Anti-Oppression Theory?

Answer 28

It works to stop unfair treatment in systems, institutions, and personal lives like racism, sexism, and ableism. This is what it aims to fix: understanding how different types of unfair treatment connects, knowing that marginalized groups may believe unfair truths, and encouraging privileged groups to challenge unfair systems and their own privilege.

Question 29

What is the Post-Modernist Theory?

Answer 29

Questions the idea of one universal truth and challenges the idea that there is one, right way to understand fairness or equality. It says each community should be understood on its own, without forcing one's cultural values on someone else.

Question 30

What is the Human Rights Legislation?

Answer 30

Protects people from discrimination by offering solutions like compensation or behavior change, rather than punishment, to prevent unfair treatment.

Question 31

What is Inquiry Research?

Answer 31

Involves investigating social issues, answering questions, and gathering information to understand and address inequalities and injustices.

Question 32

What Factors Affecting Social Justice?

Answer 32

Elements like race, gender, class, disability, and culture affect how people experience fairness, opportunities, and rights.

Question 33

What is the Power of Language?

Answer 33

Languages shape perceptions, reinforce stereotypes, and influences social norms, either supporting or challenging injustice.

Question 34

What are the 7 Grandfather Teachings?

Answer 34

- 1. Wisdom (Nibwaakaawin): Decide what is right and wrong. Think before you act. - 2. Love (Zaagi’idiwin): Care for others without expecting anything in return. - 3. Respect (Manaaji’iwewin): Show kindness to everyone and everything. - 4. Bravery (Zoongide’ewin): Do what is right, even if it is hard. - 5. Honesty (Gwayakowaadiziwin): Be true to yourself and others. - 6. Humility (Dibaadendizowin): Remember, you are important, but no more than anyone else. - 7. Truth (Debwewin): Always live and always speak honestly.

Question 35

What is Jean-Francois Lyotard's theory?

Answer 35

There’s no single truth about society. Instead of one big story about progress, people have many different perspectives.

Question 36

What is Micheal Foucault's Theory?

Answer 36

The way society labels and categorizes people (like in schools or prisons) isn’t neutral—it’s a way to control and limit them.

Question 37

What is Peggy McIntosh's Theory?

Answer 37

Privilege is like an invisible backpack of unfair advantages that some people have without realizing it.

Question 38

What is Audre Lorde's Theory?

Answer 38

People with multiple identities (like being Black and lesbian) face unique struggles and shouldn’t have to choose just one part of who they are.

Question 39

What is Edward Said's Theory?

Answer 39

Western countries created a false image of the East to make it seem strange and inferior, which helped justify taking control of it.

Question 40

What is Gayatri Spivak's Theory?

Answer 40

Marginalized people, especially women, should be educated so they can speak for themselves instead of others speaking for them.

Question 41

What is Black Elks Theory?

Answer 41

A Lakota spiritual leader who taught that everything is connected and promoted peace through understanding.

Question 42

What is Wade Davis's Theory?

Answer 42

A cultural anthropologist who believes we can learn about humanity by understanding Indigenous traditions.

Question 43

What is Derrick Bells Theory?

Answer 43

He argued that racism is deeply rooted in society and true equality hasn’t been achieved, urging continued efforts for change.

Question 44

Kimberlé Crenshaw

Answer 44

She created intersectionality, showing how race and gender discrimination overlap, especially for women of color, and said the law should address both together.

Question 45

Dianne Pothier and Richard Devlin

Answer 45

They believe society should treat disabled people equally and include them, instead of seeing them as less capable.

Question 46

James I. Charlton

Answer 46

He said disabled people face unfair treatment and that they should have the opportunity to speak up for themselves.

Question 47

bell hooks

Answer 47

She studied how race, gender, and love are connected and how oppression affects people.

Question 48

Conflict Theory - Karl Marx

Answer 48

Marx believed that society’s problems are shaped by ongoing struggles between different groups, mainly between rich and poor. Believed that inequality = conflict, and this drives social change.

Question 49

Judith Butler

Answer 49

She said gender is something we act out based on society’s expectations, not something we’re born with.

Question 50

George Dei

Answer 50

He focused on racial unfairness in education and wanted to promote equality in schools.

Question 51

Jacques Derrida

Answer 51

Believed words have hidden meanings and wanted us to question accepted ideas through language.