erald

Question 1

A basic understanding of how engine instruments work is
an important part of the knowledge you must have as an

Answer 1

engine operator and troubleshooter

Question 2

are the most widely used of
all the instrument markings and
usually indicate a safe, or normal
range of operation.

Answer 2

Green arcs

Question 3

are used to indicate an
allowable range of operations under a
unique set of circumstances.

Answer 3

Blue arcs

Question 4

indicates a precautionary
range of time limited operation permitted
by the manufacturer.

Answer 4

yellow arc

Question 5

indicates a maximum or minimum safe
operating limit. Operation beyond a red
line typically results in a dangerous
operating condition.

Answer 5

RED ARCS

Question 6

is measured at the carburetor entrance by a
temperature sensing bulb in the ram air intake
duct. The sensing bulb senses the air
temperature in the carburetor and then sends a
signal to a cockpit instrument that is calibrated
in degrees Centigrade.

Answer 6

CARBURETOR AIR TEMPERATURE (CAT) GAUGE

Question 7

Some engines have a fuel pressure gauge
that displays the pressure of fuel
supplied to the carburetor or fuel control
unit. Most fuel pressure instruments
display fuel pressure in pounds per
square inch (psi) and provide indications
to the pilot that the engine is receiving
the fuel needed for a given power
setting.

Answer 7

FUEL PRESSURE GAUGE

Question 8

measures the rate of fuel an engine burns in
gallons per hour or pounds per hour. This
provides the most accurate indication of an
engine’s fuel consumption.

Answer 8

FUEL FLOW INDICATOR

Question 9

In addition to a fuel flow gauge, some
aircraft are equipped with fuel
totalizers.

Answer 9

computerized fuel system
(CFS)

Question 10

measures
the absolute pressure of the fuel air mixture
within the intake manifold.

Answer 10

A manifold absolute pressure gauge

Question 11

allows a pilot
to monitor the temperature of the oil
entering the engine. This is important
because oil circulation cools the engine
as it lubricates the moving parts.

Answer 11

OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE

Question 12

The engine lubrication system supplies oil
under pressure to the moving parts of the
engine. To allow a pilot to monitor the
effectiveness of a given lubrication system, all
aircraft engines are equipped with an oil
pressure gauge that is calibrated in pounds per
square inch.

Answer 12

OIL PRESSURE GAUGE

Question 13

The engine temperature can have a dramatic impact
on engine performance. Therefore, most
reciprocating engine powered aircraft are equipped
with gauge that
allows a pilot to monitor engine temperatures.

Answer 13

CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE GAUGE

Question 14

Most cylinder head temperature gauges are

Answer 14

galvanometer-type

Question 15

is a circuit
consisting of two dissimilar metal wires connected
together at two junctions to form a loop.

Answer 15

thermocouple

Question 16

Another performance monitoring instrument often used in
reciprocating engine installations. A gauge measures the
temperature of the exhaust at some point past the
exhaust port.

Answer 16

EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE

Question 17

An engine’s crankshaft rpm is displayed by a
tachometer that is calibrated in hundreds of rpm.
The tachometer is a primary engine instrument
used extensively by a pilot to monitor engine
condition and verify that the engine is developing
the appropriate rpm and power output for a
given throttle setting.

Answer 17

TACHOMETER

Question 18

were used on
early aircraft and consisted of a set of
flyweights driven by a flexible drive shaft
through a set of gears.

Answer 18

MECHANICAL TACHOMETERS

Question 19

utilize a rotating
permanent magnet and drag cup to
provide rpm indications.

Answer 19

MAGNETIC TACHOMETERS

Question 20

consists of a three phase AC generator
mounted on the engine accessory case and a synchronous motor in
the indicator.

Answer 20

electric tachometer

Question 21

on the other hand, produce engine rpm
indications by counting electric pulses from the magneto ignition
system.

Answer 21

Electronic tachometers

Question 22

must be lubricated with an approved lubricant
such as graphite. In addition, the hardware that attaches the drive shaft to
the instrument, airframe, and engine should be secure.

Answer 22

drive shaft

Question 23

most gas turbine engines
have multiple temperature sensing
instruments that provide pilots with
temperature readings in and around the
turbine section.

Answer 23

turbine inlet temperature (TIT),
turbine gas temperature (TGT),
interstage turbine temperature (ITT),
and turbine outlet temperature (TOT).

Question 24

Turboprop and turboshaft engines are
designed to produce torque for driving
a propeller or rotor.Therefore,
turboprop or turboshaft engines often
utilize a torquemeter to provide a
pilot with engine power output
information.

Answer 24

TORQUEMETER

Question 25

for gas turbine engines is indicated in pounds of fuel burned per hour.

Answer 25

FUEL FLOW INDICATOR

Question 26

Conducting an engine run up that can present a safety hazard to personnel and can damage an aircraft and surrounding equipment.

Answer 26

GROUND OPERATIONS

Question 27

Ground service equipment such as auxiliary power carts or hydraulic service units should be positioned well away from the propeller arc with their wheels chocked and brakes set.

Answer 27

GROUND SERVICE EQUIPMENT

Question 28

a condition that can develop in a radial engine after shutdown, where oil or liquid fuel accumulates and pools in the lower cylinders, or lower intake pipes.

Answer 28

Hydraulic lock

Question 29

Starting an aircraft engine is a specialized procedure and varies with an individual engine and aircraft.

Answer 29

ENGINE STARTING

Question 30

important, particularly when the condition of the engine is unknown.

Answer 30

ENGINE WARM UP

Question 31

Therefore, the warm-up should be made at a speed that results in maximum engine stability. This typically results when the engine speed

Answer 31

between 800 and 1,000 rpm.

Question 32

all have an overlapping effect on engine stability.

Answer 32

improperly adjusted idle mixture, intermittently firing spark plugs, or improperly adjusted engine valves

Question 33

During warm-up, monitor the engine instruments to ensure normal operation. For example, the oil pressure gauge should indicate pressure

Answer 33

within 30 seconds

Question 34

is performed to verify the operation of the powerplant and accessory equipment.

Answer 34

GROUND CHECK

Question 35

must be capable of accelerating and decelerating rapidly.

Answer 35

Aircraft engines

Question 36

move the throttle from idle to full power smoothly and rapidly. The engine should accelerate without hesitation and with no evidence of engine backfiring.

Answer 36

acceleration test

Question 37

made by retarding the throttle from full power back to idle. The rpm should decrease smoothly and evenly, with little or no tendency for the engine to after fire.

Answer 37

deceleration check

Question 38

When conducting a ground check, most aircraft manufacturers also require a

Answer 38

POWER CHECK

Question 39

The procedure used to shut down an engine varies from engine to engine based on the type of carburetor or fuel injection system installed.

Answer 39

ENGINE STOPPING

Question 40

An ignition system consists of two magnetos, an ignition harness, and a set of spark plugs.

Answer 40

IGNITION TIMING

Question 41

a high voltage generating device that generates the electrical energy necessary to ignite the fuel air mixture.

Answer 41

magneto

Question 41

one in which ignition occurs when there is an excessively rich fuel air mixture.

Answer 41

HOT START

Question 42

occurs, engine start is normal and exhaust gas temperature is within limits, but the engine fails to accelerate or reach idle rpm.

Answer 42

hung start

Question 43

consists of a set of insulated and shielded high tension lines which carry the impulses from the magneto distributor to the spark plugs.

Answer 43

ignition harness