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OPERATIVE DENT > ERGONOMICS > Flashcards

ERGONOMICS Flashcards

1
Q

Ergonomics is the science of making things

A

Efficient

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2
Q

What happens to the worker if they have poor ergonomics?

A

Comfort, productivity and safety will suffer

Musculoskeletal disorders may occur

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3
Q

What are the Ergonomic hazards?

A

Awkward posture
Static posture
Force
Repetitive movements

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4
Q

Definition of Posture

A

Position of various parts of the body during an activity

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5
Q

Definition of Neutral posture

A

The joint is being used NEAR the MIDDLE of its FULL RANGE OF MOTION

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6
Q

Awkward postures are adopted due to?

A

Improper adjustment of the clinician’s chair
Improper patient position in relation to the clinician

Poor work techniques also but the first 2 are the MAJOR CAUSES

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7
Q

Explain static postures

A

Body is in one position for a prolonged period of time

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8
Q

Explain force and how can it be bad for us

A

Force is the amount of effort created by the muscles as well as the amount of pressure placed on a body part

It is bad bc it can lead to musculoskelatal disorders

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9
Q

Explain repetitive movements

A

Task that involves the same fundamental movement for more than 50% of the work cycle

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10
Q

3 critical components to consider with repetitive movements

A

Frequency - how many times do you do it
Duration - how long
Recovery time - Do they have breaks

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11
Q

This musculoskeletal problem is due to the compression of the brachial nerve plexsus

A

Thoracic outlet syndrome

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12
Q

Cause and Symptoms of Thoracic outlet syndrome

A

Cause: Tilting head forward, Hunching of shoulders forward, continuously reaching overhead

Symptoms: Numbness / tingling or pain in Fingers, Hand and Wrist

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13
Q

Rotator cuff Tendinitis is when there is _______________ in the shoulder region

A

Painful inflammation of the muscle tendons

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14
Q

Cause of Rotator cuff tendinitis

A

Holding elbow above the waist level

Holding upper arm away from the body

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15
Q

Symptoms of Rotator cuff tendinitis

A

Severe pain and impaired function of the shoulder joint

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16
Q

This disorder is due to the compression of the median nerve between the 2 heads of the pronator teres muscle

A

Pronator syndrome

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17
Q

The median nerve is located between the heads of the _____ muscle

A

Pronator teres

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18
Q

Cause of Pronator syndrome

A

Holding the LOWER ARM away from the body

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19
Q

Difference of Pronator syndrome and Rotator cuff tendinitis?

A

Pronator - Lower arm

Rotator cuff - Upper arm

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20
Q

Disorder associated with the extensor muscles of the thumb and fingers

A

Extensor wad strain

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21
Q

Cause of Extensor wad strain

A

Extending the fingers independently of each other

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22
Q

Symptoms of Extensor wad strain

A

Numbness, pain and loss of strength in the FINGERS

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23
Q

Explain Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

A

Painful disorder of the hand and wrist due to the COMPRESSION of the MEDIAN NERVE within the carpal tunnel of the wrist

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24
Q

Cause of CTS

A

Poor posture
Bending of hand up, down or side to side
Continuously gripping an instrument without rest

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25
Q

Symptoms of CTS

A

numbness, pain and tingling in THUMB, INDEX AND MIDDLE FINGER

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26
Q

A disorder of the lower arm and wrist caused by compression of the ulnar nerve of the arm as it passes through the wrist

A

Ulnar nerve entrapement

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27
Q

Cause of Ulnar nerve entrapment

A

Bending the hand up, down or form side to side at the wrist

Holding the little finger a full span away from the hand

28
Q

Symptoms of Ulnar nerve entrapment

A

Numbness

Tingling and or loss of strength in the LOWER ARM or WRIST

29
Q

Explain Tenosynovitis

A

Painful inflammation of the TENDONS on the SIDE of the WRIST and at the BASE of the THUMB

30
Q

Cause of Tenosynovitis

A

Hand twisting
Forceful gripping
Bending the hand back or to the side

31
Q

Symptoms of Tenosynovitis

A

Pain on the side of the wrist and base of the thumb

Sometimes movement of the wrist yields a cracking sounds

32
Q

This is the painful inflammation of the TENDONS of the WRIST resulting from strain

A

Tendinitis

33
Q

Cause of Tendinitis

A

Repeatedly extending the hand up or down at the wrist

34
Q

Symptoms of Tendinitis

A

Pain in the wrist, especially on the OUTER EDGES OF THE HAND rather than through the center of the wrist

35
Q

what is a Rotoquick?

A

Snap on type of handpiece

36
Q

During sitting in a dental stool your legs should be?

A

Medyo touching the chair but not too much and make sure your feet are flat

37
Q

Goal of Neutral NECK position

A

Head tilt of 0 to 20 degrees

The line from eyes to the treatment area should be as near to vertical as possible

38
Q

What to avoid in neutral neck position?

A

Head tipped to far forward

Head tilted to one side

39
Q

Goal of neutral BACK position

A

Lean forward slightly form the hips

Trunk flexion of 0 to 20 degrees

40
Q

What to avoid in Neutral BACK position?

A

Over flexion of the spine; Curved back

41
Q

GOAL of Neutral TORSO position

A

Torso in line with LONG AXIS of the body

42
Q

What to avoid in neutral TORSO position

A

Leaning torso to one side

Twisting the torso

43
Q

Goal of Neutral SHOULDER position

A

Shoulder in a horizontal line

Weight evenly balanced when seated

44
Q

what to avoid in neutral SHOULDER position?

A

Shoulders lifted up toward ears
Shoulders hunched forward
Sitting with weight on one hip

45
Q

Goal of neutral UPPER ARM position

A

Upper arm hangs parallel to the long axis of the torso

Elbows at waist level held slightly away from the body

46
Q

what to avoid in neutral UPPER ARM position?

A

Greater than 20 degrees of elbow abduction away from the body
Elbows held above the waist level

47
Q

Goal of Neutral FOREARM position

A

Held parallel to the floor

Raised or lowered, if necessary by pointing at the elbow joint

48
Q

What to avoid in neutral FOREARM position

A

Angle between forearm and upper arm of less than 60 degrees

49
Q

Goal of Neutral HAND position

A

Little finger side of the palm is slightly lower than the thumb side
Wrist aligned with forearm

50
Q

What to avoid in neutral HAND position

A

Thumb side of palm rotated down so that palm is parallel to the floor
Hand and wrist bet up or down

51
Q

How many wheels do dental chairs usually have?

A

5

52
Q

What is correct feet position?

A

Apart and not closed

53
Q

Clinician’s position to be able to see the lingual of the upper anteriors

A

11 or 12 o clock position

54
Q

Position to be able to see the lingual of the 3rd quadrant

A

9 o clock

55
Q

This position is best during scaling

A

8 oclock position

56
Q

difference between patient position for the maxillary and mandibular arch

A

maxillary - flat and tilted upwards

mandibular - back rest of the chair is tilted upwards 15 degrees

57
Q

what are the type of instrument grasps

A

Pen grasp
Inverted pen grasp
Palm and thumb pen grasp
Modified palm and thumb pen grasp

58
Q

What is the correct finger placement for Index, Middle and Ring and Pinky finger

A

Index - on the handle
Middle - handle and part of it is near the ring finger and on the shank
Ring - on the tooth
Pinky - close to the Ring finger

59
Q

What type of fingered clinician needs to have a more curved knuckle position?

A

Short

60
Q

Purpose of finger rests

A

Control of instrument

Provides control and prevents injury to the soft tissues

61
Q

Where are finger rests usually placed?

A

Labial / lingual surface of the tooth being worked on or the adjacent tooth

62
Q

Why are soft tissues not suitable for finger rest?

A

Flexible and mobile

63
Q

When should the finger rest be placed in the opposite quadrant of the same arch?

A

In the absence of an adjacent tooth/ teeth/ difficulty in obtaining the desired angle of the instrument/ blade/ lack of access to the area of operation

64
Q

This grasp is used for the lingual of anterior maxillary teeth

A

Inverted pen grasp

65
Q

In the Palm and thumb grasp where is the thumb?

A

It is free from the instrument

It is on another tooth

OPERATIVE DENT (3 decks)

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