eruptive viruses Flashcards
(47 cards)
What are the two main clinical types of viral infections with cutaneous manifestations?
Eruptive forms and tumoral forms
Eruptive forms include rashes, while tumoral forms involve viral-induced tumors.
What types of tumors are linked to human papillomaviruses (HPV)?
Warts and condylomas
HPV is associated with benign tumors like warts and condylomas.
What are the types of eruptions in viral infections?
Maculopapular, vesicular, and rarely pustular
Eruptive manifestations can present in various forms.
Name two childhood eruptive fevers linked to specific viruses.
Measles and rubella
These diseases are characterized by distinct rashes and systemic symptoms.
What is the basic reproduction rate (R0) for measles?
15 to 20
This indicates measles is highly contagious.
What is the incubation period for measles?
10 days
Symptoms typically begin after this incubation period.
What are Koplick’s spots associated with?
Measles
These spots appear inside the cheeks and are a classic sign of the infection.
What are the common complications of measles?
Bacterial superinfections, respiratory complications, and neurological complications
Severe complications can occur, especially in malnourished or immunocompromised children.
What is the primary method of virological diagnosis for measles?
Serology to detect IgM antibodies
This method allows for rapid diagnosis of measles infections.
What is the vaccination schedule for measles prevention?
First dose at 12 months, booster at 18 months
The vaccine is an attenuated virus that induces immunity.
What are the two transmission routes for rubella virus?
Direct airborne transmission and transplacental transmission
These routes highlight the contagious nature of rubella, especially in pregnant women.
What is congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)?
A polymalformative syndrome in fetuses due to rubella infection in pregnant women
CRS can lead to severe birth defects.
What is the incubation period for rubella?
14 to 20 days
This period precedes the onset of symptoms.
What is the characteristic rash associated with rubella?
Macular rash that begins on the face and spreads
The rash is not always consistent and can have atypical forms.
What is the primary immune response to rubella?
Humoral response (IgG, IgM, IgA)
This immune response provides definitive immunity against the virus.
What are common adenopathies associated with rubella?
Suboccipital, posterior cervical, and retro-auricular
These lymph node enlargements can persist for weeks.
What complications can arise from rubella?
Arthralgia and rarely neurological complications
Most cases resolve without significant sequelae.
What are the adenopathies associated with the rash?
Suboccipital, posterior cervical, and retro-auricular.
Adenopathies appear a week before the eruption and can persist for several weeks.
What is plasmacytosis and how is it detected?
Detected by blood count (greater than or equal to 5%).
It is characteristic but inconstant.
What type of immune response is primarily involved in this disease?
Humoral (IgG, IgM, IgA).
This response gives definitive immunity.
What are some rare complications of the disease?
Arthritis, encephalitis, thrombocytopenic purpura.
In pregnant women, what can happen during primary infection?
The virus can cross the placental barrier, causing considerable damage to the unborn child.
What is the malformative syndrome associated with embryopathy?
CRS (Congenital Rubella Syndrome) including malformations like cardiopathy, neurological damage, ocular damage, and deafness.
What is the prognosis for infants affected by embryopathy?
Very high mortality during the first year of life (1 death in 5 cases) and uncertain psychomotor future.
