Essential Latin Ia: pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions, adverbs: Latin to English

Question 1

These drills are to help review the 200+ essential Latin words identified and organized by Anne Mahoney. They are among the most common words in Latin, and account for almost half the words in a typical prose text.

Answer 1

The list uses the definitions etc. on the Dickinson College website, with some modifications. I.

Question 2

I.

Answer 2

Pronouns

Question 3

ego, meī, mihi, mē

Answer 3

I, me

Question 4

hic, haec, hoc

Answer 4

this, these

Question 5

īdem, eadem, idem

Answer 5

the same

Question 6

ille, illa, illud

Answer 6

that, those

Question 7

ipse, ipsa, ipsum

Answer 7

himself, herself, itself

Question 8

is, ea, id

Answer 8

he, she, it; this, that

Question 9

iste, ista, istud

Answer 9

that, that of yours (adv. istīc or istūc, over there; istinc, from over there)

Question 10

nēmō, dat. nēminī, acc. nēminem (or gen. nūllīus, dat. nūllī, abl. nūllō or nūllā)

Answer 10

no one, nobody

Question 11

nihil or nīl

Answer 11

nothing; not at all

Question 12

nōs, nostrum/nostrī, nōbīs, nōs

Answer 12

we

Question 13

quī, quae, quod

Answer 13

who, which, what

Question 14

quīdam, quaedam, quoddam

Answer 14

a certain one, someone

Question 15

quis quid

Answer 15

who? what? which?

Question 16

quisque, quaeque, quidque

Answer 16

each one, everyone

Question 17

sui, sibi, sē or sēsē

Answer 17

himself, herself, itself, themselves (reflexive)

Question 18

tū, tuī, tibi, tē

Answer 18

you (sing.)

Question 19

vōs; (gen.) vestrum or vestrī, (dat./abl.) vōbīs, (acc.) vōs

Answer 19

you (plural)

Question 20

II.

Answer 20

Conjunctions

Question 21

ac or atque (usually ac before consonants, atque before vowels)

Answer 21

and, in addition, and also, and; (after comparatives) than; (simul ac, as soon as)

Question 22

an

Answer 22

or (in questions) (utrum … an whether … or)

Question 23

aut

Answer 23

or

Question 24

autem

Answer 24

moreover; but, however

Question 25

deinde or dein

Answer 25

then, next

Question 26

dum

Answer 26

while (+ indic.); until (+ subj.); provided that (+ subj.)

Question 27

enim

Answer 27

for; indeed

Question 28

et

Answer 28

and

Question 29

etiam

Answer 29

also even

Question 30

nam or namque

Answer 30

for, indeed, really

Question 31

nē

Answer 31

lest, that not

Question 32

nec or neque (usually nec before consonants, neque before vowels)

Answer 32

and not, nor; (nec ... nec or neque ... neque, neither ... nor)

Question 33

-que

Answer 33

and (postpositive enclitic)

Question 34

quia

Answer 34

because

Question 35

quod

Answer 35

wherein; because

Question 36

sed

Answer 36

but

Question 37

sī

Answer 37

if

Question 38

tamen

Answer 38

nevertheless, still

Question 39

tum

Answer 39

then

Question 40

ut or utī

Answer 40

as (+ indic.); so that, with the result that (+ subj.); (in questions) in what manner, how; (exclam.) to what an extent! how!

Question 41

vel

Answer 41

or else, or; even (vel ... vel, either … or)

Question 42

III.

Answer 42

Prepositions taking the ablative

Question 43

ā, ab, or abs (ā before consonants, abs with tē)

Answer 43

from, by (+ abl.)

Question 44

cum

Answer 44

with (prep. + abl.); when, since, although (conjunction + subj.)

Question 45

dē

Answer 45

down from, about, concerning (+ abl.)

Question 46

ē or ex (ē before consonants)

Answer 46

out of, from (+ abl.)

Question 47

prō

Answer 47

for, on behalf of, in proportion to (+ abl.)

Question 48

sine

Answer 48

without (+ abl.)

Question 49

IV.

Answer 49

Prepositions taking the accusative

Question 50

ad

Answer 50

to, up to, towards (+ acc.)

Question 51

ante

Answer 51

before, in front of (adv. and prep. + acc.)

Question 52

contrā

Answer 52

against, opposite (adv. and prep. + acc.)

Question 53

inter

Answer 53

between, among; during (+ acc.)

Question 54

per

Answer 54

through (+ acc.)

Question 55

post

Answer 55

after (adv. and prep. + acc.)

Question 56

trans

Answer 56

across

Question 57

V.

Answer 57

Prepositions taking either case (in different senses)

Question 58

in

Answer 58

in, on (+ abl.); into, onto (+ acc)

Question 59

sub

Answer 59

under, close to (+ acc. or abl.)

Question 60

VI.

Answer 60

Adverbs (many prepositions can also be used as adverbs; some conjunctions are much like adverbs)

Question 61

haud

Answer 61

not

Question 62

iam

Answer 62

now, already

Question 63

inde

Answer 63

from there, from then

Question 64

ita

Answer 64

thus, so, in this way

Question 65

modo

Answer 65

just, just now (modo ... modo; now ... now, at one moment ... at another, sometimes ... sometimes)

Question 66

nōn

Answer 66

not

Question 67

nōndum

Answer 67

not yet

Question 68

nunc

Answer 68

now

Question 69

quam

Answer 69

how?; (after comparative) than

Question 70

quidem

Answer 70

certainly, at least

Question 71

satis or sat

Answer 71

enough, sufficient, sufficiently

Question 72

tam

Answer 72

so, so much

Question 73

ubi

Answer 73

where, when

Question 74

unde

Answer 74

from where