Esters

Question 1

How do you name esters?

Answer 1

Alcohol part + Acid part (opposite of how they’re drawn)

Question 2

What are the physical properties of Esters?

Answer 2

They’re covalent non-polar molecules, soluble in water

Question 3

What length organic acids produce oily, pleasant smelling liquids?

Answer 3

C1-C6

Question 4

What length Organic Acids produce fats and oils?

Answer 4

Long chain acids (C11+)

Question 5

How are fats and oils made?

Answer 5

Through the condensation of long chain organic acids and the the tri-alcohol (glycerol)

Question 6

What is hydrolysis?

Answer 6

The breakdown of molecules by the addition of water

Question 7

What are the two types of hydrolysis?

Answer 7

Acid hydrolysis and Alkaline hydrolysis

Question 8

What is Acid Hydrolysis?

Answer 8

Boiling the ester with dilute acid (hydrochloric or sulfuric) to produce an alkanoic acid and an alcohol

Question 9

What is Alkaline Hydrolysis?

Answer 9

Boiling the ester with an aqueous alkali (NaOH or KOH) to produce the salt of the acid and an alcohol (Known as saponification)

Question 10

How are soapless detergents made?

Answer 10

Reacting Hydrocarbons from petroleum with concentrated sulfuric acid, then neutralising the product with sodium hydroxide to form a salt with a long hydrocarbon chain