Estimating Principals

Question 1

Units of angular measurement

Answer 1

300 • 42’ 20”
300 degrees 42 minutes 20 seconds

Question 2

Arc length calculation

Answer 2

N/360 X pie D

Question 3

Right angle triangles

Answer 3

Pythagorean theorem
Ratio
Trigonometry

Question 4

3 - 4 - 5 method

Answer 4

Applies to right angle triangles
(Use carpenters square, measure dimensions between four inch mark on the blade and three inch mark on the tongue. This rule can be used to find rafters, cross braces, stairs, ramp stringers and other angular measurements. Used for making square corner or checking square corners.)

Question 5

SOH CAH TOA

Question 6

L Shape

Answer 6

Angle iron

W x W x T x L

Question 7

C Shape / MC

Answer 7

Channel and miscellaneous channel
MC - greater variation of size

CD x Ib/ft x L

D - depth of channel in inches or mm

Question 8

Z Shape

Answer 8

W x D x W x T x L
D x W x Ib/ft x L

Question 9

S Shape (S Beam)

Answer 9

Tapered flange
S - Standard S beam shape

SD x Ibs/ft x L

Question 10

W shape

Answer 10

Like a S Beam but not tapered
W - wide flange beams
HP beam
WWF - wide flange beam

WD x Ibs/ft x L

Question 11

T shape

Answer 11

Normally made by splitting S shapes and W shapes along the middle depths of their webs.
ST and WT (not tapered)

WTS x Ibs/ft x L

Question 12

HSS - Hollow Structural Section

Answer 12

Square HSS
Rectangular HSS

Longer side is written first

HSS 8 x 6 x 0.500 x 20

Question 13

Rectangles and square bar
(Flat bar)

Answer 13

Hot rolled: round corners, mill scale

Cold rolled: sharp corners, clean scale free finish

T x W x L
Thickness x width x length

Question 14

Round and half round bar

Answer 14

Hot or cold rolled

Round bar
D x L

Half round
T x W x L

Question 15

Hexagon bar
(6 sides)

Answer 15

F x L
F: distance across flats

Question 16

Plate (PL or Pl)

Answer 16

T x W x L
Thickness x Width x Length