estrogens/progesterones

Question 1

which 2 cells are required for estradiol synthesis?

Answer 1

1. theca

2. granulosa

Question 2

steroidogenesis in the ovary is regualted by what?

Answer 2

the gonadotropins (LH & FSH)

Question 3

which phase of menstrual cycle? high frequency, low amp LH secretion; estrogen rises; endometrial proliferation

Answer 3

follicular phase

Question 4

which phase of menstrual cycle? estrogen induced gonadotropin surge

Answer 4

ovulation

Question 5

which phase of menstrual cycle? rise in estrogen/progesterone; endometrial differentiation

Answer 5

luteal pahse

Question 6

what induces the gonadotropin surge at day 14?

Answer 6

estrogen

Question 7

which hormone is involved in decr uterine contractions?

Answer 7

progesterone

Question 8

ethinyl estradiol, mestranol - synthetic or natural?

Answer 8

synthetic estrogen

Question 9

what are the pharmacological uses of estrogen

Answer 9

1. hypogonadism
2. HRT
3. Contraception
4. acne

Question 10

HRT has an ____risk of breast cancer

Answer 10

increased

Question 11

contraceptives have a ______risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer

Answer 11

decreased

Question 12

is estrogen administered by itself for bc?

Answer 12

NEVER

Question 13

effect of progesterone on cervical glands?

Answer 13

increaase cervical mucous viscosity

Question 14

breakthru bleeding is assc’d with?

Answer 14

progestin only bc

Question 15

breakthru bleeding is ____ when assc’d with estrogen, and ______when assc’d with progestin

Answer 15

mild with estrogen, moderate with progestin

Question 16

if a person has known h/o breast cancer, what sort of bc should you give them?

Answer 16

progestin only

Question 17

antibiotics _____contraceptive effectiveness

Answer 17

lower

Question 18

which estrogen is a natural water-soluble estrogen sulfates; need to be given in higher dose

Answer 18

Conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin)

Question 19

side effects of 19 nor progestins?

Answer 19

acne

hirsuitism

Question 20

which estrogens or progestins are 19-nortestosterone derivatives?

Answer 20

1. Norethindrone

2. Norgestrel

Question 21

which BC are only available in progestins only

Answer 21

implantable, IUD

Question 22

what is the failure rate for combo emergency contraceptive?

Answer 22

25%

Question 23

what is the failure rate for progestin only emergency contraceptive?

Answer 23

12%, must be taken within 72 hrs post sex

Question 24

BC has drug interactions with which drugs?

Answer 24

1. St. John’s Wort
2. antiretrovirals
3. anticonvulsants
4. antibiotics

Question 25

which drug is a partial agonist; block estrogen negative feedback & used for fertility?

Answer 25

clomiphene

Question 26

when in the menstrual cycle to dose clomiphene?

Answer 26

follicular phase

Question 27

in bone, SERMs act as _____ and suppress bone resorption

Answer 27

agonist

Question 28

in endometrium, SERMS act as ______ and induce proliferation

Answer 28

partial agonist

Question 29

in pituitary & breast, SERMS act as ______ and induce hotflashes and inhibit breast proliferation

Answer 29

antagonist

Question 30

works against ER+ breast cancer, but can cause incr risk for endometrial cancer

Answer 30

tamoxifen

Question 31

tx for carcinoma, postmenopausal bone loss, no adverse effects against endometrium

Answer 31

raloxifene

Question 32

in comparison to estrogen, tamoxifen ____hot flashes

Answer 32

increases

Question 33

in comparison to estrogen, tamoxifen ____risk of breast cancer

Answer 33

decr

Question 34

MOA: Inhibit gonadal function (mild androgenic effects)- inhibition of estrogen

Answer 34

Danazol

Question 35

MOA: Aromatase inhibitor (convert androgen to estrogen)- inhib estrogen synthesis

Answer 35

Anastrozole/ Letrozole

Question 36

what is used as an abortifacient (progesterone antag)-induce delivery after fetal death or induce labor at end of 3rd trimester

Answer 36

Mifepristone

Question 37

when should mifepristone be used?

Answer 37

less than 7 wks gestation for 1st dose

Question 38

what do you f/u mifepristone dosing with/?

Answer 38

misoprostol to induce uterine contractions admin 48 hrs later

Question 39

Longer acting emergency contraceptive that can be used up to 5 days after intercourse; partial agonist

Answer 39

ulipristal

Question 40

which hormone is responsible for endometrial proliferation?

Answer 40

estrogen

Question 41

which hormone is responsible for endometrial differentiation?

Answer 41

progesterone

Question 42

what is the key regulator during the luteal phase?

Answer 42

progesterone