Estructura 13.1 - 13.3

Question 1

use subjunctive for:

Answer 1

emotion (“it makes me sad that…”), doubt/disbelief/denial, and conjunctions

Question 2

use “de” after:

Answer 2

“alegrarse” and “tener miedo”

Question 3

when using emotion with no change in subject from first to send clause…

Answer 3

use the infinitive, not the subjunctive, in the second clause

Question 4

ojalá and “Es triste que…” are

Answer 4

always followed by the subjunctive

Question 5

“Quizás” and “tal vez” are

Answer 5

usually followed by subjunctive

Question 6

When the main clause has doubt/uncertainty AND A CHANGE IN SUBJECT…

Answer 6

use subjunctive in 2nd clause

Question 7

when the main clause expresses certainty…

Answer 7

use indicative in the 2nd clause

Question 8

a menos que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 8

unless

yes

Question 9

antes (de) que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 9

before

yes. but drop “que” and use infinitive when subject doesn’t change.

Question 10

con tal (de) que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 10

provided that

yes

Question 11

en caso (de) que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 11

in case (that)

yes

Question 12

para que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 12

so that

yes. but drop “que” and use infinitive when subject doesn’t change.

Question 13

sin que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 13

without

yes. but drop “que” and use infinitive when subject doesn’t change.

Question 14

cuando - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 14

when

no - only use subjunctive when main clause expresses a future action or a command

Question 15

después de que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 15

after

no - only use subjunctive when main clause expresses a future action or a command

Question 16

en cuanto - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 16

as soon as

no - only use subjunctive when main clause expresses a future action or a command

Question 17

hasta que - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 17

until

no - only use subjunctive when main clause expresses a future action or a command

Question 18

tan pronto como - what does it mean? does it require the subjunctive?

Answer 18

as soon as

no - only use subjunctive when main clause expresses a future action or a command

Question 19

Always followed by subjunctive

Answer 19

A menos que, con tal (de) que, en caso (de) que

Question 20

Followed by the subjunctive unless the subject doesn’t change, in which case we drop the “que” and use the infinitive

Answer 20

antes (de) que, para que, sin que

Question 21

Only require subjunctive when referring to a future action or a command

Answer 21

Cuando, después de que, en cuanto, haste que, tan pronto como