Estuary dynamics Flashcards
Main Features of the Ship – Waterway System
- Wide-meshed, connected transportation network
- Transportation of bulk cargo, containers, etc.
- Eco-friendly, cost-effective and safe means of transport with low energy consumption
Features of Waterways Besides Transportation
- Water drain
- Drinking and process water supply
- Generation of electricity
- Leisure and recreation
- Fishery
Waterways - subdivision after water wayleave and maritime law:
water wayleave subdivision:
-Inland waterway
-Marine waterway
maritime law subdivision:
-Inland shipping lane Length: 6500 km
-Sea shipping lane Length: 750 km
comparison estuary and delta
Estuary
- High tidal range
- Lower sediment in the river
- Subsiding coast/ rising sea level
- Resulting from glaciers or from
former larger rivers
Delta
- Low tidal range
- Higher sediment in the river
- Relatively stable or rising coast
- Resulting from falling sea levels
Influence of increasing Headwater Inflow on
the Tidal Conditions
At flood current:
- Reduction of the flood period and flood current duration
- Runoff induced reduction of the flow velocity
At ebb current:
- Extension of the ebb period and ebb current duration
- Runoff induced increase of the flow velocity
Independent from tide induced flow direction:
- Rise of the tidal high water and low water levels, therefore extension of the flow profiles with related reduction of the flow velocities
- Reduction of the tidal range with resulting reduction of the tide induced flow velocities
- Downstream directed shift of the brackish water and turbidity zones
Influence of decreasing Headwater Inflow on
the Tidal Conditions
At flood current:
- Extension of the flood period and flood current duration
- Runoff induced increase of the flow velocity
At ebb current:
- Reduction of the ebb period and ebb current duration
- Runoff induced reduction of the flow velocity
Independent from tide induced flow direction:
- Reduction of the tidal high water and low water levels, therefore reduction of the flow profiles with related rise of the flow velocities
- Rise of the tidal range with resulting rise of the tide induced flow velocities
- Upstream directed shift of the brackish water and turbidity zones
Reflections of the tidal wave in estuaries occur:
- At barrages in the rivers and their tributaries
- At river bends and changes in the profile
- At groynes and other lateral structures
