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Etc Flashcards

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1
Q

When Greece joined the eu

A

1981

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2
Q

What is added to retsina?

A

Resin from Aleppo pine trees (Pinus halepensis)

0,15-1% of the final volume

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3
Q

Name traditional PGI

A

Retsina

Verdea

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4
Q

what is Verdea

A

Oxidized white wine from island Zakynthos

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5
Q

In how many appellations can you produce retsina

A

15

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6
Q

Grape varitiea for retsina

A

Only Savatiano and Roditits

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7
Q

When and where first Greek cooperative est

A

Samos

1934

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8
Q

First modern wine laws

A

1969/70

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9
Q

Greek independence

A

1832

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10
Q

Ha of vines

A

61500 ha

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11
Q

Most planted gv?

A 
Savatiano
Roditis
Agiorgitiko
Liatiko
Xinomavro
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12
Q

What peninsula is Greece

A

Balkan

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13
Q

Bordering countries

A

Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey and northern Macedonia

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14
Q

% of mountains

A

70

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15
Q

The highest peak of Greece

A 
Mount Olympus (Thessaly)
3000 m
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16
Q

Seas of Greece

A

South - Lybian sea

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17
Q

Central Greece is also known as

A

Sterea Ellada

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18
Q

What Island includes central Greece

A

Island of Evia

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19
Q

Climate of Greece

A

Predominately Mediterranean

Epirus, center of Peloponnese, western Thessaly and western Macedonia - Continental

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20
Q

Coolest and hottest parts of Greece

A

Hottest and driest - Attica

Coolest - Epirus and Amynteo

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21
Q

Amount of PDO and criteria

A

34 (33)

100% grapes must be grown and vinfied within the appellation

Only V Vinifera species

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22
Q

2 PDOs with international gv

A

The slopes of Meliton

Messenikola

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23
Q

Old classification

A

In Greece, there are two categories of VQPRD wines:

OPE are the Greek initials for “Wines with Appellation of Controlled Origin”. This designation is dedicated solely to sweet wines. 2 red and 6 white wines that come from 6 different regions are included. A light blue paper strip that is placed above the cork distinguishes the wine bottles.

OPAP are the Greek initials for “Wines with Appellation of Superior Quality”. This designation covers mostly dry wines. The vast majority of the permitted grape varieties are indigenous. 14 red, 1 rosé and 11 white wines from 20 different regions are included. A pink paper strip is used to mark the bottles.

The Greek Table Wines are also broken down into two categories:

TO are the Greek initials for “Regional Wines”. This is the equivalent of the French “Vin de Pays”. Some of the finest wines from international grape varieties are included here, and it is not uncommon to find equal or even better quality compared to some Appellation wines.

EO are the Greek initials for “Table Wines“. The French equivalent are the “Vins de Table”. Although this is the lowest quality category, many winemakers choose this to experiment with varieties.

A sub-category to the EO is the OKP (Wines of Appellation by Tradition) that includes only Retsina and Verdea.

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24
Q

Amount of PGI, criteria?

A

120

85% of grape should come from the appellation

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25
What means cava
For PGI and and varietal wines only White/rose - 1 y/6 m Red - 3 y/1 y
26
What’s Grand Cru
Only for sweet wines made as Vin Doux Naturel | From selected vineyards
27
Grande Reserve
Only for pdo White - 2 years ageing with 1 y in barrel and 6 m in bottle (max 600 L barrel) Reds - 4 years, 1,5 y in barrel and 1,5 in bottle
28
Estate in Greece
Ktima
29
Unknown white and unknown red gv term?
Asproudi | Mavroudi
30
Kouloura another name
Stefani or ambelies
31
Reserve
For PDO only White - 1 year with 6 m in barrel and 3 m in bottle Red - 2 years with 12 m barrel and 6 m bottle
32
Agiorgitiko translation
St George’s grape
33
Crete indigenous red gv for still and sweet wines
Liatiko
34
Notable PDO for Liatiko,color?
Red Daphnes Sitia
35
Limnio color and notable PDO?
Red | Limnos, slopes of Meliton
36
Notable red gv
``` Agiorgitiko Xinomavro Liatiko Limnio Mandilaria Mavrodaphne Negoska Mavrotragano Kotsifali ```
37
Mandilaria notable PDO
``` Important for islands (especially Crete) Archanes Candia Paros Peza Rhodes Sitia ```
38
Mavrodaphne PDO
Dessert: Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia Mavrodaphne of Patras
39
Mavrotragano is popular in…?
Santorini
40
Mandilaria is often blended with
Kotsifali or Liatiko in Crete Monemvasia on Paros Mavrotragano on Santorini
41
The only one PDO for uncut Mandilaria? Styles?
Rhodes Dry red Rose Sparkling wine
42
PDO where you can blend red and white
Paros | Mandilaria and Monemvasia
43
Xinomavro PDO?
Amynteo Goumenissa Naoussa Rapsani
44
Notable white gv
``` Aidani Assyrtiko Athiri Malagousia Moschofilero (pink) Monemvasia Robola Roditis (pink) Savatiano Vidiano Vilana ```
45
Aidani PDO?
Santorini | Often blended with Assyrtiko and Athiri
46
Assyrtiko notable PDO
``` Santorini Rhodes (with Malagousia and Athiri) Slopes of Meliton (Athiri and Roditis) Candia Malvasia Paros ```
47
Athiri notable PDO
Native to Santorini Rhodes Slopes of Meliton
48
Debina PDO
Zitsa
49
Malagousia PDO
Rhodes
50
Moschofilero PDO
Mantinia
51
Muscats PDO
``` Muscat Blanc: Muscat of Cephalonia Muscat of Patras Muscat of Rhodes Muscat of Rio Patras Samos ``` Muscat of Alexandria: Lemnos Muscat of Lemnos
52
Robola PDO
Robola of Cephalonia | Not relative to Ribolla Gialla
53
Roditis PDO
Mostly mainland Anchialos Patras Slopes Of Meliton
54
Vidiano PDO
Native to Crete Candia Malvasia Candia Malvasia Sitia
55
Vilana PDO
Native to Crete Peza (stand alone) Sitia
56
PDO that includes rose as an allowed style
Amynteo
57
Monopole PDO
Slopes of Meliton
58
Southernmost PDO for Xinomavro and the base of mount Olympos
Rapsani
59
Xinomavro translation
Xino - sour | Mavro - black
60
Largest wine region
Peloponnese
61
Map of Greek wine regions and PDO
62
Wine regions
63
Region bordering Bulgaria
Thrace
64
PDO and gv in Thrace?
No PDO Mavroudi (red) Limnio
65
Where are Thessaloniki located
Macedonia
66
2 major winemaking families based in Macedonia
Boutaris | Tsantalis
67
Northernmost PDO
Amynteo
68
Amynteo gv styles
Only Xinomavro Dry, medium dry, med sweet rose Sparkling dry and medium dry rose (tank and traditional) Dry red Medium sweet red
69
Smallest PDO
Messenikola (Greek wine) or Rapsani (GuildSomm)
70
Highest elevation and coldest PDO for Xinomavro
Amynteo
71
Naoussa gv and styles
Xinomavro only Dry, med dry, med sweet red
72
Naoussa climate and soils
More clay and limestone Less sandy Continental
73
First who bottle wine in Greece
Boutari | Est 1879
74
Warmest PDO for Xinomavro
Goumenissa
75
Goumenissa styles and gv
Xinomavro, Negoska (20% min) | Dry red
76
4 PDO for Xinomavro
Naoussa (largest) Amynteo (Coldest) Goumenissa (smallest) Rapsani
77
Where is Halkidiki
Most wifey planted regions of Macedonia
78
Who is the sole owner of PDO slopes of Meliton Ha? Where is it located
Domaine Porto Carras 450 ha Halkidiki
79
Slopes of Meliton styles and gv?
Dry Red: Lemnio, CS and CF (max 30%) Dry white: Athiri, Assyrtiko, Roditis
80
Where is mount Athos vineyard?
Easternmost Halkidiki 20 monasteries PGI Mount Athos Local and international gvs
81
Where is PGI Epanomi? What it’s famous for
Macedonia | Home of Gerovassilou
82
Sweet PGI for dried Xinomavro and Moschomavro
Siatitsa
83
Mountain range in the northern Greece
Pindos (Pindus)
84
Thessaly climate
Mediterranean
85
Greek grappa
Tsipouro
86
PDO in Thessaly
Anchialos (анхиелос) Messenikola Rapsani
87
Rapsani gv and styles
Xinomavro, Krassato, Stavroto | Dry red
88
Amynteo soils
Sandy | Lots of old self-rooted vines
89
Anchialos grape varieties? Styles
Roditis (min 80%) Savvatiano White (dry, semi dry, semi sweet)
90
Messenikola styles and gv?
Dry red Messenikola black 70% Carignan + Syrah, up to 30%
91
Westernmost region of mainland
Epirus
92
Westernmost island
Corfu
93
PDO in Epirus and it’s gv, styles
PDO zitsa Debina gv Dry white Sparkling white Tank and traditional
94
PDO in central Greece
No
95
What is central Greece famous for
Retsina production
96
Southernmost region of mainland
Peloponnese
97
4 producers from Peloponnese
Skouras Mercouri Estate Gaia Tselepos
98
What gulf separates Peloponnese from mainland
Gulf of Corinth
99
Climate in Peloponnese
Hot Mediterranean (aside from the center which is continental)
100
PDO of Peloponnese
7: Mantinia (dry and sparkling white) Mavrodaphne of Patras (sweet red) Monemvasia-Malvasia (naturally sweet and fortified sweet) Muscat of Patras (sweet, VDN and VDL) Muscat of ria Patras (sweet, VDN and VDL) Nemea (dry red, semisweet red, VDL, VDN, sweet dried grape) Patras (dry, semi-dry, semi-sweet white)
101
Nemea gv
100% agiorgitiko
102
What wine is called blood of Hercules
Agiorgitiko from Nemea
103
Famous Nemea producer with wine from blend of CS and Agiorgitiko
Skouras Megas Oenos
104
Most famous cru of Nemea
Koutsi | Limestone rich
105
Capital of Peloponnese
Tripoli
106
Mantinia gv? Styles
Moschofilero min 85% + Asproudes ``` Dry white Vin Gris (skin contact) Sparkling white (tank or traditional) ```
107
Sparkling PDO
Zitsa (white) Amynteo (rose) Mantinia (white) Rhodes (white and rose)
108
Patras styles and gv
Dry— semi-dry — semi-sweet white | 100% Roditits
109
Mavrodaphne of Patras styles and gv?
Min 51% Mavrodaphne + Mavri Korinthiaki VDN VDL from dried grapes VDL from non dried grapes Min 1 year of ageing
110
Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Ria Patras gv styles
Muscat Blanc VDN VDL Grand Cru Sun dried
111
Muscat Blanc in Greek
Moschato Aspro
112
Monemvasia-Malvasia styles and gv?
Min 51% Monemvassia + Assyrtiko, Aspoudes, Kydonitsa Must be min 2 years in an oxidative environment Sun dried sweet or straw wine VDN
113
Greek term for straw wine
Vin Liastos
114
Where is the highest level of rainfall
Ionian islands
115
More mountainous islands Ionian or Aegean?
Ionian
116
Who owned Ionian islands
Venetians (1386-1797) Briefly belonged to France Than British protectorate before 1864
117
Ionian islands
``` 7 main but only for 4 are viticulturally significant: Cephalonia (only one with PDO) Zalynthos (southernmost) Lefkada Corfu ```
118
Ionian islands PDOs
Robola of Cephalonia (dry white, 100% Robola) Muscat of Cephalonia (VDN, VDL, VND, VDN Grand Cru, 100% Muscat Blanc) Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia (min 51% Mavrodaphne + Corinthian Balck, red fortified)
119
Verdea grape variety
Skiadopoulo min 51% (before was Goustolidi) Dry-medium dry white Long ageing oxidative style
120
Significant Aegean islands
``` Crete Rhodes Samos Santorini Paros Limnos Chios Mykonos ```
121
PDO of Aegean islands | Except Crete
``` Santorini Paros Rhodes Lemnos Samos Muscat of Rhodes Muscat of Lemnos Malvasia of Paros ```
122
Aegean islands 4 main group
Cyclades Dodecanese North Aegean Sporades
123
Cyclades islands | Climate
Hottest and driest climate Paros Santorini Mykonos
124
Name of Cyclades especially strong wind
Meltemi
125
Oldest vines in Greece
Cyclades | No phylloxera
126
What mean Santorini
Saint Irene
127
Soils of santorini
Volcanic basalt | Limestone and schist
128
Santorini styles and gv? Criteria
``` Dry white (75% Assyrtiko + Athiri and Aidani ) Vinsanto (min 51% Assyrtiko) ```
129
Red grapes gown in Santorini
Mavrotragano | Mandilaria
130
Nykteri rules?
It is included in PDO Min 13,5 abv Overripe grapes Must be aged 3-10 months in barrel
131
Red wine of Santorini produced in Vinsanto style
Mezzo Not PDO Made from Mavrotragano and sometimes Mandilaria
132
Santorini ha of vineyards
7600 ha
133
Official name of Santorini
Thira
134
Vinsanto rules and styles
Sun dried grapes Sun dried fortified Must be aged 2 y in barrels on the islands Thera or Thirasia
135
PDO in Paros and styles
``` Paros: dry white (100% Monemvassia) Dry red (co fermented of min 35% Mandilaria and Monemvasia) ``` Malvasia of Paros: Fortified wine from Sun dried Naturally sweet (Sun dried) Min 85% Monemvassia + Assyrtiko
136
The only one red PDO that allows inclusion of white grape
Paros | Mandilaria and Monemvasia
137
Dodecanese PDO | Location
Close to Turkey Rhodes PDO Muscat of Rhodes
138
Rhodes PDO styles and gv
Dry, medium dry, semisweet white Min 70% Athiri Dry, semi dry, semisweet red Min 70% Mandilaria Dry, semi dry, semisweet rose Min 70% Mandilaria Sparkling white and rose
139
Muscat of Rhodes styles
Sun dried VDN vDN Grand Cru VDL From Muscat Blanc
140
North Aegean islands and PDO
Samos Lemnos Muscat of Lemnos
141
Samos PDO styles and gv
VDN VDN Grand Cru VDL Sun dried Moschato Aspro
142
Lemnos and Muscat of Lemnos styles and gv
``` Lemnos: Dry, semi dry, semisweet white Dry red Sun dried VDL ``` White - Moschato Alexandrias Red - Limnio ``` Muscat of Lemnos: VDN VDN Grand Cru VDL Sun dried ``` Moschato Alexandrias
143
PDOs of Crete
``` Sitia Malvasia Sitia Peza Daphnes Archanes Candia Malvasia Candia ```
144
Southernmost and largest island
Crete
145
Seas surrounding Crete
Aegean and Libyan sea
146
Grape pomace based spirit, anise flavored
Ouzo
147
most important districts of Crete for winemaking
Hania (no PDO) Iraklio Lasithi
148
Peza styles and gv
Most highly regarded in Iraklion Dry white 100% Vilana Dry red Katsifali and Mandilaria
149
Archanes (арханес) PDO styles and gv
Only dry red | Kotsifali or Mandilaria
150
Daphnes styles and gv
Dry red VDL red VDN and VDN grand Cru red Vin Liastos 100% Liatiko
151
Candia and Malvasia Candia styles and gv
Candia: Dry white Vilana, viadiano, Assyrtiko, Liatiko (Vinified white) and etc Maximum 15%: Malvasia do Candia and Muscat Spinas Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria Malvasia Candia: VDN Naturally sweet Same grape varieties
152
2 PDOs in the eastern part of Crete (Lasithi)
Sitia | Malvasia Sitia
153
Sitia and Malvasia of Sitia styles and gv
Sitia: Dry white Min70% Vilana+ Thrasapthiri ``` Dry red Min80% Liatiko + Mandilaria VDL VDN Sun dried 100% Liatiko ``` Malvasia Sitia: Vdn Naturally sweet Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, and etc
154
What is Samos Nectar
Samos Nectar is one of the finest wines in the world from overripe, sun-dried grapes (Vin de Paille). It ages for min 3 years in oak barrels. Muscat Blanc grape

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