ETC Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the primary high energy compound in the cell?
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
How many high-energy phosphate bonds does ATP contain?
Two (between the terminal and middle phosphate groups)
What is the energy released by hydrolysis of one ATP molecule?
Approximately -7.3 kcal/mol
Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of ATP to ADP?
ATPase
What molecule is formed when ATP loses one phosphate group?
ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)
What molecule is formed when ADP loses one phosphate group?
AMP (Adenosine Monophosphate)
What is the significance of the ATP-ADP cycle?
It allows rapid energy release and regeneration during metabolic processes
Which cellular process regenerates ATP from ADP?
Oxidative phosphorylation (in mitochondria)
Name other high-energy compounds besides ATP.
GTP, CTP, UTP, Creatine Phosphate, Acetyl-CoA, Succinyl-CoA
Which compound donates phosphate to ADP in muscle for rapid ATP synthesis?
Creatine Phosphate
What is the role of adenylate kinase in energy metabolism?
Converts 2 ADP ⇌ ATP + AMP (maintains energy balance)
What does a high AMP level indicate about the energy status of the cell?
Low energy state (activates AMP-activated protein kinase)
Which bond in ATP is considered a “high-energy bond”?
Phosphoanhydride bond
Where does substrate-level phosphorylation occur?
Glycolysis and the TCA cycle (specifically at succinyl-CoA to succinate step)
Which process generates the majority of ATP in aerobic cells?
Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation
