Ethical Decision

Question 1

Describe Utilitarian decision making.

Answer 1

decisions are based on outcomes to self & others - greatest good for the greatest number

Question 2

What are some pros & cons of Utilitarianism?

Answer 2

Pros: simple, efficient, promotes common goals
Cons: can ignore rights

Question 3

Describe Justice based decision making.

Answer 3

decisions are based on process AND outcome; equitable distribution of benefits & costs

Question 4

What are some pros & cons of a Justice based model?

Answer 4

Pros: protects the interests of weaker members
Cons: creates overly legalistic work environment

Question 5

Describe Rights based decision making.

Answer 5

decision is consistent with fair process; respects fundamental liberties and privileges of others

Question 6

What are some pros & cons of a Rights based model?

Answer 6

Pros: protects individuals from harm; preserves dignity
Cons: encourages sense of entitlement

Question 7

Describe Virtue based decision making.

Answer 7

decisions consistent with highest moral standards

Question 8

What are some pros & cons of a Virtue based model?

Answer 8

Pros: build character-based “moral compass”
Cons: no consistent application across cultures

Question 9

What factors affect perceived “moral intensity?”

Answer 9

magnitude of effect, probability of effect, immediacy of effect, concentration of effect, consensus, proximity to recipient