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Ethics Flashcards

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1
Q

Medical practice acts

A

State laws to govern the practice of medicine.

-provide for the establishment of medical licensing boards

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2
Q

Code of ethics

A

It’s of principles intended to govern behavior

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3
Q

Reasonable person standard

A

Judges a persons actions in a situation according to what a reasonable person would do under similar circumstances

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4
Q

Why do organizations have a code of ethics

A

Serve as moral guidelines

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5
Q

4 stages of development

A

Sensorimotor, pre operational, concrete operational, formal operational

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6
Q

Sensorimotor stage

A

Birth to age 2
Child is self centered, cannot see from another’s point of view
Explores the world with 5 senses

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7
Q

Pre operational stage

A

2-7

Develop awareness of things and people not in their direct sight

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8
Q

Concrete operational stage

A

7-12
See actions as right and wrong
See adults as powerful and controlling

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9
Q

Formal operational stage

A

Develop abstract thought

Understand degrees of right and wrong

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10
Q

Maslows hierarchy of needs

A

Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self actualization

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11
Q

Respondeat superior

A

“Let the master answer”

Employers are legally responsible for employees if acts were performed within the scope of their duties

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12
Q

Res ipsa loquitor

A

“The thing speaks for itself”

The facts of the case are sufficient to find liability

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13
Q

Res judicata

A

“The thing has been decided”

A claim cannot be retried between the same parties if it has already been legally resolved

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14
Q

Release of tortfeasor

A

Prohibits a lawsuit against the person who caused the injury if they were expressly released from further liability in the settlement of a suit

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15
Q

Statute of limitations

A

Period of time during which a lawsuit may be filed

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16
Q

Sole proprietorship

A

Physician practices alone

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17
Q

Associate practice

A

2 or more physicians share office space and employees but practice individually

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18
Q

Partnership

A

2 or more physicians practice together under a written agreement

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19
Q

Managed health care

A

Make agreed upon payments to providers for care of a specific population of subscribers

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20
Q

Capitation

A

Payment made to providers from a managed health care organization, based on calculated cost of medical care

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21
Q

Constitutional law

A

Based on a formal document that defines broad government powers

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22
Q

Case law

A

Established by legal precedent

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23
Q

Common law

A

Unwritten, based on custom and tradition

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24
Q

Statutory law

A

Passed by congress or state legislatures

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25
Administrative law
Enabling statutes enacted to define powers and procedures when an agency is created
26
Substantive law
Written law defines and regulates legal rights and obligations
27
Procedural law
Rules used to enforce substantive law
28
Criminal law
Crimes against the state
29
Civil law
Wrongful action against persons
30
Tort
Civil wrong committed against a person or property
31
Tortfeasor
Person guilty of committing a tort
32
Negligence
An unintentional tort alleged when one acted unreasonably or with disregard for th consequences
33
Medical review panel
Physicians with experience in the specialty in question and sometimes an attorney examine the facts to determine if the incident was an issue of malpractice
34
Arbitration
Setting disputes in which opposing parties agree to abide by the decision of arbitrator
35
4 C's of medical malpractice prevention
Caring Communication Competence Charting
36
Assumption of risk
Defendant is not guilty of a negligent act because the plaintiff knew of and accepted the risks involved
37
Denial
Claims innocence of the charges because one or more of the 4 Ds of negligence are lacking
38
Affirmative defense
Allow accused to present factual evidence that the patients condition was caused by some factor other than the defendants Neglegence
39
Contributory negligence
Plaintiff caused or contributed to his or her own injury through lack of care
40
Comparative negligence
Plaintiff contributed to the injury by a certain degree
41
Emergency
The person who comes to aid of a victim in an emergency is not held liable
42
Technical defenses
Defense based on legal technicality
43
Informed consent
Implies the patient understands modes of treatment and risks involved
44
3 areas of general liability for physicians who are employers
The practices building and grounds, automobiles, employee safety
45
What to do when someone has violated the HIPPA privacy rule
File a written complaint with the secretary of health and human services through the office of civil rights
46
Why do governments collect vital statistics
Allowing was for tracking population composition and growth, measuring educational standards, monitoring community health problems
47
If death occurs under normal circumstances, who fills out the death certificate?
Attending physician
48
Which public health statues are enforced by citations for non compliance
Child safety seat laws
49
Why do health care practitioners have to report sexually transmitted infections to the state health department
Reported cases are used to treat others who may have been infected by sexual contact with the named individual
50
Just added to the list of communicable diseases for which federal isolation and quarantine is authorized
Acute respiratory syndrome | Aka viral pneumonia
51
Example of communicable disease that has been largely eradicated
Smallpox
52
Who is exempted from immunizations
Those with medical grounds, organ transplants, or allergies to eggs
53
Consequences of not reporting child abuse
Misdemeanor charge
54
Older Americans act
Created the administration on aging and outlined 10 objectives aimed at preserving the rights and dignity of my older citizens
55
Affirmative action
Programs that use goals and quotas to provide preferential treatment for minority persons determined to have been underutilized in the past.
56
Purpose of FDA
Oversees drug quality and standardization and must approve drugs before they are released for public use Responsibility for major product recalls
57
OSHA purposes(occupational safety and health administration)
Established and enforced compulsory standards for health and safety in the workplace
58
MSDS sheets
Employers must obtain a material safety data sheet(MSDS) for each hazardous chemical in use in the office These sheets should be left on file
59
Hazard communication standard(HCS)
An OSHA standard intended to increase practitioners awareness of risks and reduce injuries and illnesses
60
How long do you have to keep records for OSHA
5 years
61
Genetics
The science that accounts for natural differences and resemblances among organisms related by decent
62
Predictive genetic testing
Used to see if genes are present that could lead to hereditary diseases or harmful genetic conditions
63
Animal being cloned to grow potential source of organs and tissues
Pig
64
Agency adoptions
State regulated public or private adoption agencies place children with adoptive parents
65
Independent or private adoptions
Arranged without the involvement of adoption agencies
66
Identified adoptions
Adopting parents locate a birth mother and then ask an agency to take over the adoption process
67
International adoptions
Couples adopt children from other countries
68
Relative adoptions
Adoptive child is related to the adoptive parent by blood or marriages
69
Hospice
Requires that a patient be expected not to live beyond 6 months
70
What organization devised the original living will
The euthanasia society
71
Palliative care
Treatment of a terminally ill patients symptoms to make dying more comfortable Also called comfort care
72
Bottom line
Focus of managed care | To reimburse health care providers while at the same time earning a profit
73
Why are health care stakeholders concerned about the rising share of GDP that health care uses
Health care spending is the main force expanding the federal budget
74
What is the HPV vaccine designed to prevent
Various forms of cancer from developing
75
Deontological or duty oriented theory
Rightness or wrongness of the act depends on its intrinsic nature and not the outcome of the act.
76
Teleological or consequence oriented theory
Judges rightness or wrongness based on the predicted outcomes
77
Virtue ethics
Focuses on the traits, characteristics, and virtues that a moral person should have
78
Licensure
Mandatory credentialing process established by law, usually at the stAte level, that grants the right to practice certain skills and endeavors
79
Certification
Voluntary credentialing process where by applicants who meet specific requirements may receive a certificate
80
Registration
Credentialing procedure whereby ones name is listed on a register as having paid a fee and met a criteria within a profession
81
Accreditation
Official authorization or approval for conforming to a specific standard
82
Stages of grief
``` Denial and isolation Anger resentment Bargaining and guilt Depression Acceptance ```
83
Controlled substances schedules
1. High abuse no medical use(heroin) 2. High abuse accepted medical use(Ritalin) 3. less abuse (lortab) 4. low potential for abuse
84
Fair labor standards act
Prohibits child labor and the firing of employees for exercising their rights. Provides for overtime pay and minimum wage
85
Equal pay act
Requires equal pay for men and women doing equal work | Amendment to fair labor standards act
86
Clinical laboratory improvement act
Established standards for Medicare and Medicaid Established minimum standards for all laboratory testing Has been extensively amended sense first written
87
Social security act
Encompass old age and survivors insurance | Public disability insurance, unemployment insurance and Medicare
88
Employment retirement income security act
Regulates private pension funds and employer benefit programs
89
Rehabilitation act
Prohibits discrimination in employment practices based on physical disabilities or mental health
90
Tay Sachs disease
Lipid metabolism disorder
91
Neurofibromatosis
Causes tumors along nerves and under skin
92
Cystic fibrosis
Progressive multiple system failure

Ethics Exam Review (1 decks)

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