ethics in psychology

Question 1

what are the 4 principles to being ethical

Answer 1

respect
competence
responsibility
integrity

Question 2

who created these principles and the guidelines

Answer 2

the british psychological society

Question 3

what are the 6 guidelines

Answer 3

informed consent
right to withdraw
privacy and confidentiality
protection of participants
deception
debriefing
the cost benefit analysis

Question 4

what do researchers have a duty of

Answer 4

considering ethical implications of research before its carried out.

Question 5

what do universities and other bodies have?

Answer 5

an ethics committee to decide whether the business has met the criteria and can carry on

Question 6

describe the informed consent guideline

Answer 6

participants should be told the nature, purpose and anticipated consequence of any research they take place in.

Question 7

what did Epstein find in 1969

Answer 7

only a third of people volunteering had any real understanding of what was involved

Question 8

describe the right to withdraw guideline

Answer 8

investigators should make it clear to participants their rights to withdraw from the experiment. if they withdraw they have the right for their data to be destroyed.

Question 9

describe the guideline privacy and confidentiality

Answer 9

information about participants should be kept private so names or personal details cannot be shared.

Question 10

what law is privacy and confidentiality under

Answer 10

the data protection act

Question 11

what did Coolican (1990) argue

Answer 11

participants would be very hard to find if they didnt have a right to confidentiality

Question 12

describe the guideline protection of participants

Answer 12

participants should be protected from any physical or psychological harm greater than that experienced in everyday life

Question 13

what did Aronson 1988 claim

Answer 13

participants should leave the experiment in at least as sound a frame of mind as when they arrived.

Question 14

describe the guideline deception

Answer 14

intentional deception such as lying or misleading participants should be avoided to preserve the integrity of the research

Question 15

what did Menges 1973 find out

Answer 15

80% of a sample of 1000 experiments involved giving participants incomplete info about the study. they were only given full info about aims in only 25% of studies and complete in 3%

Question 16

what does this conclude about deception

Answer 16

it was widespread in psychological research

Question 17

describe the guideline of debriefing

Answer 17

when participants are aware that they have taken part in a study, at the end the researcher should offer full information

Question 18

describe the cost benefit analysis guideline

Answer 18

psychologists must weigh up the benefits to society that may be gained from testing new theories and the costs to the participants within the research