Ethnicity and educational achievement Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are the three main external factors for ethnic differences in achievement?
1) Cultural deprivation
2) Material deprivation
3) Racism in wider society
What are the main factors of cultural deprivation in relation to ethnic differences in achievement
• Family structure- Lipton argues Asian families have a heirachy alike to schools, they also have ‘Asian work ethic’ - Sewell. Moynihan argues black families headed by lone mothers gives inadequate care and cant provided a role model for black boys.
• Attitudes and values- black children socialised into a live now mentality.
• Intellectual and linguistic skills- Engelmann considers language spoken by black children is inadequate for success
• Pryce argues black people are less resistant to racism therefore have lower self esteem
What are the main factors of material deprivation in relation to ethnic differences in achievement
• Almost half ethnic minorties are in low income houses. Twice as likely to be unemployed, FSMs are highest in Bangladeshi pupils
• This puts them at greater risk of material deprivation.
• 86% of chinese girls had FSMs and still achieved 5 GCSEs with higher grades than 65% of white girls not on FSMs
What internal factors effect ethnic differences in achievement?
• Ethnocentric curriculum
• Marketisation and segregation
• Critical race theory
• New IQism
• Uniform regulations and school calendars
What is the ethnocentric curriculum?
• Promotes values from one culture only, Ball argues history lessons promotes ‘Little Englandism’
• No provisions for teaching Asian languages
• Coard says the ethnocentric curriculum and presents England giving civilisation to primitive people. They colonised making ethnic minorities feel inferior and modern
Explain marketisation and segregation
• Moore and Davenport say minority pupils fail to get into good secondary schools as they are discriminated against in the selection process
• information about schooling is usually not given in any other language but English - hard to access
• Gilborn argues marketisation allows negative stereotypes to influence decisions about school and admissions
What is the critical race theory?
• racism is ingrained into society. It’s less over more subtle.
• institutional racism is a locked in equality. The scale of historical discrimination is so large there is no longer a need to have conscious intent to discriminate.
• Gilborn says ethnic inequality is so deep rooted and so large it’s practically an inevitable feature of the education system
What is New IQism
• access to opportunities and higher sets depend heavily on teacher assessments of pupils
• Gilborn argues schools see potential as fixed and easily measured. teachers and policy makers would make false assumptions on ability and
potential of a student. this poses an issue for racialised stereotypes and expectations.
What does Wright say about teacher labelling?
• teacher see Asian pupils as passive, they dont need any help.
• teachers also assume Asian peoples have bad English and couldn’t communicate as well with ethnic groups.
• teachers are dismissive of their culture by pronouncing their names wrong. This leaves Asian pupils feeling marginalised and isolated.
What does Gilborn say about teachers racialised expectations of black pupils?
• teachers assume black pupils disrupt the classroom therefore discipline them quicker, exclusion rates are almost double for black boys.
• Negative label- truancy- underachievement- low set- A-C economy- forming anti-school subcultures.
What is Fuller and Mac an Ghail’s research on Black girls
• instead of accepting negative labels, the girls channelled their anger into educational success.
• They didn’t ask help from teachers and the lack of concern for school routines. They were also friends with girls in the lower sets
• they disproved the self fulfilling prophecy as they rejected labels and still became successful.
What is Mitzas research on young black girls?
• The ideal pupil- M/C, white, ability is seen as natural, achieving in normal way
• The pathologised pupil- Asian, sloggers who achieve through hard-work not natural ability, conformist
• the demonised pupil - W/C black or white, peer lead, unintelligent, culturally deprived
What is Archers research on dominate discourse?
• The ideal pupil- M/C, white, ability is seen as natural, achieving in normal way
• The pathologised pupil- Asian, sloggers who achieve through hard-work not natural ability, conformist
• the demonised pupil - W/C black or white, peer lead, unintelligent, culturally deprived
