Etiology etc: Repro & Urinary Flashcards by Robin Lemoine

Cause of Nephrolithiasis

Ca oxalate

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Cause of Renal Trauma

Most commonly from “Hit By Car”/ blunt trauma

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What kidney disease that can be acquired(neoplasia, abscess, cyst, stone, iatrogenic) or congential(torsion, kinking, stenosis, atresia) causes progressive dilatation of the renal pelvis and atrophy of the renal parenchyma?????

Hydronephrosis

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What kidney disease is a complication of obstructive uropathy and caused by an ascending infection.

Pyelonephritis

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Etiology of Giant Kidney Worm

Dioctophyma renale

Fish or frog consumption.

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What is the most common benign renal neoplasia?

Renal Adenoma

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What is the most common malignant renal neoplasia in the dog?

Renal Cell Carcinoma

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What is the most common renal neoplasia in the cat?

Renal Lymphoma

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A congenital neoplasia that is more common in young dogs and cats and is part of the developing kidney.

Embryonic Nephroblastoma

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Surgical Treatment for irreversible acute renal failure, decompensated chronic renal failure or polycystic disease?

Renal Transplant

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Which breeds, sex and age are predisposed to ectopic ureter?

Siberian Husky, Lab, Goldern Retriever, West Highland Terrier.

Female canines

Young patients

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What is a ureterocele and does it happen?

Ureterocele is a dilation of the distal ureter. Caused by persistent membrane in embryonic development.

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1 cause of urethral trauma.

Iatrogenic –> Spays

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Most common indication for uretheral surgery.

Ureterolithiasis

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What are the two most common causes of bladder rupture?

Trauma(HBC)- most common and Iatrogenic

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Which cystic calculi compromise 90% of the calculi found in the bladder?

Struvite and Ca Oxalate

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Which bladder disease mimics TCC, affects the mucosa , and is non-neoplastic?

Polypoid Cystitis

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What is the most common bladder tumor in the canine?

TCC

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Which breed is predisposed to bladder tumors?

Scottish Terriers

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Where is the most common site for tumors in the urinary tract in dogs?

Bladder

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What is the most common tumor in the cat?

TCC

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What is the most common urinary tract tumor in the cat?

Renal Lymphoma

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What is the site of the second most common urinary tract tumor in the cat?

Bladder

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In which area of the bladder do we find TCC in the dog?

Trigone

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In what area of the bladder do we find TCC in the cat?

Apex

The following predisposing factors are contribute to which bladder tumor? Obesity Insecticide exposure Herbicide Cyclophosphamide

TCC

What is the most common developmental abnormality of male genitalia?

Hypospadias

Which dog breed is predisposed to hypospadias?

Boston Terriers

What breed/sex of dogs is predisposed to urethral prolapse?

Young male brachycephalic dogs

The following are causes for which urethra abnormality. Urethral surgery Trauma by uroliths Iatrogenic from catheterization Healing after minor trauma

Urethral Strictures

Follicular cyst produce which hormone?

Estrogen

Luteal cyst produce which hormone

Progesterone

What ages are affected by functional ovarian cyst?

Young adult Dog

What age is affected by ovarian neoplasia?

Older > 10 intact females

What is the tissue of origin for an ovarian adenoma or adenocarcinoma?

Epithelial Tissue

What is the tissue of origin for a granulosa cell tumor?

Stromal Tissue

Etiology of ovarian remnant syndrome.

Surgical error. Ovarian tissue left behind at OHE/OVE

Pathophysiology of cystic endometrial hyperplasia.

Excess progesterone

Bacteria most responsible for pyometra.

E.Coli

Why is pyometra less common in cats?

Cats are induced ovulators therefore less chance of excess progesterone.

When does metritis occur?

Postpartum (~12 hours - 1week)

The following are a list of etiologies for which reproductive tract infection: Dystocia Obstertric manipulation Retained fetus or placenta Devitalized uterine tissue

Metritis

This thing is commonly associated with dystocia. It is caused by a rotation of the uterine horn on long axis.

Uterine Torsion- medical emergency

This is a complication of parturition for up to 48 hours following final fetus. More common in cats.

Uterine Prolapse

Most common benign uterine neoplasia in the dog.

Leiomyoma

Feline: Malignant or Benign Uterine Neoplasia

Malignant and metastatic

What happens in the vagina that is caused by retained embryonic epithelial tissue?

Vestibulovaginal Stenosis No basis for genetic transmission

Name that v-v stenosis: "Double Vagina" Thin band of mucosa

V-v stenosis- SEPTAL

Name that v-v stenosis: "Imperforate hymen" Rind shaped

Annular

Name that v-v stenosis: Narrowed section of vaginal vault Represents failure of growth

Hypoplasia

Conformational abnormality of the vagina found in medium to large breed dogs. Very common in St.Kitts. Described as a "hooded vulva"

Recessed Vulva

Condition of the vagina where mucosa becomes edematous and protrudes from vulva. Affects young dogs in one of their first proestrus/estrus cycles.

Vaginal edema/hyperplasia

What is the most common neoplasm in the intact female dog?

Canine Mammary Tumor 70% of all tumors(benign and malignant) Median age 7-11 years

What breed of dog is predisposed to malignant canine mammary tumors?

German Shepard Dog

Which mammary glands are most commonly affected?

4th and 5th

Which mammary condition occurs right after a heat cycle? You will see multiple masses a few mm in diameter.

Canine Mammary Hyperplasia

Which malignant mammary tumor is rapidly progressive and affects multiple glands in both chains?

Inflammatory Carcinoma

What % of feline mammary tumors are malignant?

85-90% 80% adenocarcinoma

A benign mammary lesion that occurs in young cats. Is complicated by trauma, infection and necrosis.

Fibroadenomatous Hyperplasia

Failure of either testicle to descend. Small breeds predisposed. Genetically transmitted.

Cryptorchidism

Origins and their associated hormones of a functional testicular neoplasia.

Sertoli cell- secretes estrogen | Interstitial cell- testosterone

Incomplete formation of the penile urethra Most common developmental anomaly of external male genitalia. Most common in Boston Terriers

Hypospadias

Inability to retract penis Congenital is the most common cause: narrowed orifice, and shortened prepuce.

Paraphimosis

2 most common penis neoplasias

TVT and Mast Cell Tumor

What part of the male reproductive tract is mast cell tumor more frequently malignant?

Prepuce

Normal aging change in the male reproductive tract.

BPH

What is the most common organism associated with prostatic abscess/prostatits?

E.Coli

What condition is required to have pre-exisited to have prostatitis?

BPH

Type of prostatic neoplasia.

Adenocarcinoma

Most useful diagnostic tool for simple septal stenosis.

Vaginoscopy Because you get direct visualization of the stenosis and can evaluate repro and urinary tract.

Etiology etc: Repro & Urinary Flashcards

(70 cards)