ETVT EU has achieved its aims

Question 1

for achieving peace

Answer 1

The EU has successfully maintained peace between member states

Examples:
No wars between EU members since 1945
Nobel Peace Prize (2012) awarded for promoting peace and reconciliation
Franco-German partnership transformed from conflict to leadership
Institutional cooperation: EU Council, Parliament, Commission
Explanation: Economic interdependence and political integration have made war among EU states unlikely.

Question 2

against achieve peace

Answer 2

Examples:
Russia-Ukraine War (2022–): EU relied heavily on NATO and US leadership
EU response focused on economic sanctions, not military deterrence
Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) is often stalled by lack of unanimity
EU Battlegroups exist on paper but have never been deployed
Explanation: The EU lacks a unified military force and strategic coherence — its external credibility is weak.

Question 3

for- the four freedoms

Answer 3

FOR: The EU has implemented the four freedoms across much of Europe

Examples:
Freedom of movement: millions live/work in other EU states (e.g. Polish workers in Germany)
Schengen Area: 27 countries with no internal borders
Freedom of goods/services/capital boosts trade and innovation (e.g. Digital Single Market)
Erasmus+ supports education and cultural exchange
Explanation: These freedoms underpin the EU’s internal market and increase opportunities for citizens and businesses.

Question 4

against- four freedoms

Answer 4

Examples:
2015 Migration Crisis: Schengen was suspended temporarily in many states
Brexit driven largely by opposition to freedom of movement (e.g. Leave.EU campaign)
Freedom of movement politicised by nationalist parties across EU (e.g. Le Pen in France)
COVID-19 temporarily closed borders, showing fragility of freedom of movement

Question 5

for economic and politcal union

Answer 5

FOR: The EU has delivered deep economic integration

Examples:
Single Market (1993): free movement of goods, services, capital, labour
Eurozone: 20 countries share the euro, coordinated by the ECB
Strong economies like Germany benefit from export access and currency stability
Explanation: Economic ties have created a huge trading bloc and enhanced competitiveness.

Question 6

against politics and economic union

Answer 6

AGAINST: Political union remains fragmented and economically unequal

Examples:
Eurozone Crisis (2009–2012): Greece, Spain, Italy faced collapse due to lack of fiscal union
No fiscal transfer mechanism — ECB controls monetary policy but not national spending
Hungary & Poland challenge EU values — Article 7 launched over rule of law violations
Lisbon Treaty (2009) tried to deepen political union but national vetoes still block action
Brexit (2016): major blow to unity, sparked by political and sovereignty concerns
Explanation: While the economy is integrated, there is no true political federation, and resistance to deeper integration persists.