EU policies Flashcards

Question

Who founded the New Development Bank?

Answer 1

The Esquipulas Nicaraguan Peace Agreement, also known as the Central American Peace Accords, was a peace initiative in the mid-1980s to settle the military conflicts that had plagued Central America for many years. The agreement was named for Esquipulas, Guatemala, where the initial meetings took place. Signature on 15 February 1987.

Answer 2

12 countries: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States (ora sono 30)

Answer 3

The leading Intergovernmental organization promoting cooperation, coordination etc. among 8 Arctic countries: (USA, Russia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden.

Answer 4

Afghanistan-Pakistan border

Answer 5

− political criteria: stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, the rule of law, human rights and respect for and protection of minorities; − economic criteria: a functioning market economy and the capacity to cope with competition and market forces; − administrative and institutional capacity to effectively implement the acquis and ability to take on the obligations of membership. For EU accession negotiations to be launched, a country must satisfy the first criterion.

Answer 6

Any national government, EP or EC

Answer 7

The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, usually known as the Basel Convention, is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs).

Answer 8

President of the Eurogroup

Answer 9

Simon Veil

Answer 10

W. Churchill

Answer 11

Environment

Answer 12

The Luxembourg Compromise (or "Luxembourg Accord") was an agreement reached in January 1966 to resolve the "Empty Chair Crisis". The Luxembourg Compromise is viewed as a turning of the tide in the history of European integration. It safeguarded the intergovernmental nature of the EC, therefore preserving state sovereignty. It also prevented the EC from further consolidating power and therefore becoming more supranational, or taking power out of the hands of the states.

Answer 13

1980 Venice declaration

Answer 14

The alert mechanism report (AMR) is the starting point of the annual cycle of the macroeconomic imbalance procedure (MIP). On this basis, the AMR identifies countries that need an in-depth review (IDR) by the Commission to assess how macroeconomic risks in the are evolving, and to determine the presence of imbalances or excessive imbalances. The AMR is presented during the European Semester

Answer 15

Islands located in the South Chinese Sea

Answer 16

EU Court of Auditors

Answer 17

Adopted 1967, no property claims

Answer 18

The right answer should be the one related to definition/regulation of labor rights. ELA is an agency of the EU tasked with coordinating and supporting the enforcement of EU law on labour mobility.

Answer 19

A European Union instrument for institutional cooperation between Public Administrations of EU Member States and of beneficiary or partner countries.

Answer 20

Article 312 TFEU: 1- Proposal for regulation laying down MFF submitted by EC & Council. 2- EP must approve via absolute majority (majority of MEPs) – consent from the EP 3- Council adopts it unanimously

Answer 21

Unanimity for European Council as it votes with QMV. The European Council proposes a candidate (taking into consideration the results of the EP election). Once proposed, the parliament votes on the candidate by a majority of its members. (Article 17(7) TEU)

Answer 22

Direct vote by the entire electorate on a particular proposal.

Answer 23

Proposition by the EC. Reading by EP to approve or amend. Reading by Council to approve EP position or amend the EC proposition.

Answer 24

Barcelona objectives: the development of childcare facilities for young children in Europe with a view to sustainable and inclusive growth “Gender equality via measures to help women in the labour market, avoid discrimination.”

Answer 25

In case of a breach of subsidiarity, the Committee of the Regions or the MS may refer an act directly to CJEU. Three preconditions for intervention by EU institutions in accordance with subsidiarity principle: (a) area concerned no exclusive EU competence (non-exclusivity) (b) objectives cannot be sufficiently achieved by MS (necessity) (c) action can be implemented more successfully by the Union (added value).

Answer 26

The agreements set up Nuclear-weapon-free zone (in respectively Latin America (1967), South Pacific (1985), South Asia (1995) and Africa (1996))

Answer 27

Under pressure from the European Parliament, the Copenhagen Summit of April 1978 set the date of the first European direct elections for 7-10 June 1979.

Answer 28

In 1942, by Franklin D. Roosevelt. Careful, it was NOT coined at the San Francisco Conference.

Answer 29

1. customs union 2. the establishing of the competition rules necessary for the functioning of the internal market 3. monetary policy for the Member States whose currency is the euro 4. the conservation of marine biological resources under the common fisheries policy 5. common commercial policy. + trade policy

Answer 30

The Council takes its decisions by simple majority, qualified majority or unanimity; I was not sure about another option that read: “The Council can vote on a legislative act 12 weeks after the draft has been sent to national parliaments”, but in fact it’s 8 weeks. The other two options were easy to rule out.

Answer 31

Elected by the General Assembly, for a 2-year non-renewable term, presidency rotates in alphabetic order; also tricky, in the other options one of these elements was in turn modified (e.g. “elected by UNSC permanent members following proposal by the GA”, or “for a 2-year term with possibility of immediate re-election”).

Answer 32

Jacques Delors

Answer 33

Europe’s programme for small and medium-sized enterprises. Aims to boost SME’s competitiveness.

Answer 34

European Network and Information Security Agency

Answer 35

Treaty of Lisbon

Answer 36

European Commission, European Parliament, Council

Answer 37

The Rotterdam Convention is a multilateral treaty to promote shared responsibilities in relation to importation of hazardous chemical. (signature 1998, into force 2004)

Answer 38

At least one from each of the Member States

Answer 39

A forum of industrialised countries. The G20 or Group of Twenty is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU). It works to address major issues related to the global economy, such as international financial stability,climate change mitigation, an sustainable development.[3] The G20 is composed of most of the world's largest economies, including both industrialized and developing nations, and accounts for around 90% of gross world product (GWP),[4] 75–80% of international trade,[b] two-thirds of the global population,[2] and roughly half the world's land area.

Answer 40

2/3 of votes cast, representing the absolute majority of seats.

Answer 41

Directive – binding only in terms of the result to be achieved

Answer 42

About 11 million farms, 22 mln farmers with income 40% less than in non-agricultural sector

Answer 43

− It was reformed after 1992 to better reflect environmental concerns and as well a shift from market support to producer support − it was set out in the Treaty of Rome (1957) (!!! not established in the treaty of Rome.) − It requires that only those farmers who adhere to at least basic environmental requirements (cross-implementation or smth like that) receive direct payments and those adhering to higher environmental requirements receive green direct payments − Agriculture is directly dealt with by the EU unlike transport and education (I think this one is wrong)

Answer 44

The Cotonou Agreement is a close partnership based on a series of principles: The partners to the agreement are equal. The ACP countries determine their own development policies. Cooperation is not only among governments: parliaments, local authorities, civil society, the private sector, economic and social partners play a role as well. The Cotonou Agreement is the most comprehensive Partnership Agreement between developing countries and the EU.

Answer 45

It covers 79 countries with 48 being in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Cotonou Agreement is a treaty between the European Union and the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ("ACP countries"). It was signed in June 2000 in Cotonou, Benin's largest city, by 78 ACP countries[1] (Cuba did not sign) and the then fifteen Member States of the European Union. It entered into force in 2003 and was subsequently revised in 2005 and 2010.

Answer 46

SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SADC South African Development Community

Answer 47

It is submitted to the Commission who should review it within 3 months.

Answer 48

The initiative should be signed by at least 1 mln citizens from at least one quarter of the MS.

Answer 49

The Monroe Doctrine was a United States foreign policy position that opposed European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere. It held that any intervention in the political affairs of the Americas by foreign powers was a potentially hostile act against the U.S.[1 The doctrine was central to U.S. foreign policy for much of the 19th and early 20th centuries.[2] It aimed to prevent European powers from extending their influence in the Western hemisphere.

Answer 50

It was signed in 1982 in Montego Bay (Jamaica)

Answer 51

The Council

Answer 52

Trade in goods and services, and the commercial aspects of intellectual property, foreign direct investment

Answer 53

“A multilateral agreement on international cooperation on monetary policy” The Bretton Woods system of monetary management established the rules for commercial and financial relations among the United States, Canada, Western European countries, Australia, and Japan after the 1944 Bretton Woods Agreement. The Bretton Woods system was the first example of a fully negotiated monetary order intended to govern monetary relations among independent states. The Bretton Woods system required countries to guarantee convertibility of their currencies into U.S. dollars to within 1% of fixed parity rates, with the dollar convertible to gold bullion for foreign governments and central banks at US$35 per troy ounce of fine gold (or 0.88867 gram fine gold per dollar). It also envisioned greater cooperation among countries in order to prevent future competitive devaluations, and thus established the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to monitor exchange rates and lend reserve currencies to nations with balance of payments deficits.

Answer 54

Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action aka the Iran Nuclear Deal

Answer 55

Multilateral development bank of the BRICS countries.

Answer 56

The EU Blue Card gives highly qualified workers from outside the EU the right to live and work in an EU country, provided they have higher professional qualifications, such as a university degree, and an employment contract or a binding job offer with a high salary compared to the average in the EU country where the job is.

Answer 57

Rebates. The EU budget obeys the nine general rules of unity, budgetary accuracy, annuality, equilibrium, unit of account (the euro), universality, specification (each appropriation is allocated to a particular kind of expenditure), sound financial management and transparency, pursuant to Articles 6 to 38 of the Regulation on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the EU.

Answer 58

Subsidiarity, conferral and proportionality principles

Answer 59

The agreement cannot be adopted

Answer 60

The Early Warning System (EWS) is an internal information tool that helps the European Commission and its executive agencies to identify third parties that pose financial and/or other risks. Part of this tool, a Central Exclusion Database is accessible by all public authorities that implement EU funds. The database includes all entities — companies, organisations or natural persons — which have been excluded from EU funding because they are insolvent, have been convicted of serious professional misconduct or criminal offence against the EU’s financial interests. Such a blacklist allows authorities to identify risky entities and take the appropriate precautionary measures, such as not entering into a contract with a particular service provider. This helps to ensure the sound financial management of European Union funds and to prevent fraud.

Answer 61

12 EU countries

Answer 62

Quantitative easing (QE) is an advanced monetary policy of central banks to stimulate growth in a stagnant economy by large scale buying of government bonds and other assets.

Answer 63

Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay. Venezuela, which officially joined 2012, was suspended from membership in 2017. Associate countries (not members per se): Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Suriname. New Zealand and Mexico are observers.

Answer 64

€41m to income support; €14m to rural development; €2.37m to market measure (enough to remember the relative proportions of the chapters)

Answer 65

93% climate change is a serious problem; 94% environmental protection is important; 83% EU legislation is necessary to protect the environment.

Answer 66

Jacques Delors

Answer 67

Art 2(1) TEU: "The Union's aim is to promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples."

Answer 68

It is led by the EU, NOT by NATO.

Answer 69

Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Chad

Answer 70

To stand as a candidate for national elections in another MS.

Answer 71

At least 32% renewable energy consumption until 2030

Answer 72

Maastricht

Answer 73

All MS need to establish an organization (or similar) that checks for discriminations, conducts surveys and independent reports.

Answer 74

OAU Organisation of African Unity 1963 ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations 1967 GCC Gulf Cooperation Council 1981 Mercosur 1991 African Union 1999

Answer 75

European Strategy and Policy Analysis System

Answer 76

EU 27MS + Iceland, Norway, Serbia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, & Turkey (no Israel)

Answer 77

510, UK left officially 31 January 2020.

Answer 78

* A points = No discussion / B-points = YES discussion Council negotiates, adopts, adapts EU legislation and coordinates policies. In most cases, Council decides together with EP through OLP/codecision (= policy areas with exclusive/shared competence (~85)). Most EU legal acts in this procedure are adopted at 1st reading (max. 3 readings. At each reading the proposal passes through 3 levels at the Council: − Working party: “preparatory bodies” − COREPER − Council configuration If COREPER can finalise discussions on a proposal, the proposal becomes an 'A' item on the Council agenda, meaning that the agreement is accepted without debate (2/3 of the items on the agenda). On the other hand, 'B' section of the Council agenda includes points: − Left over from previous Council meetings − No agreement reached in Coreper/ at working party level − Too politically sensitive to be settled at a lower level

EU policies Flashcards

(116 cards)