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EU UNIO JULIO CRESPO Flashcards

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1
Q

POPULATION of the EU

A

447

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2
Q

what is the brussels effect?

A

EU despite not always being a traditional geopolitical, it exerts significant global influence through its regulatory standards

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3
Q

how many times was the EU constitution rejected

A

2

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4
Q

who is the president of the council

A

l Charles Michel

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5
Q

who founded Pan-European Union and in waht year

A

Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, Austrian philosopher, 1925

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6
Q

who is the president of the comission

A

Ursula Von der Leyen

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7
Q

when was the European Movement

A

1947

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8
Q

what did the eu movement organize? what year

A

Congress of Europe, at the Hague, 1948

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9
Q

how many delegates in the The Hague Congress

A

750

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10
Q

what was the debate in the Hague Congress?

A

There was a debate between federalists, who wanted a united European state, and intergovernmentalists, who favored cooperation between sovereign nations.

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11
Q

when was the marshall plain launched

A

1947

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12
Q

which organisation was created to help distirbute the money of the marshall plan?

A

Organisation for European Economic Cooperation , 1948

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13
Q

when was the Stockholm Convention?

A

1960

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14
Q

what was establlished in the Stockholm Convention

A

European Free Trade Association- EFTA

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15
Q

what countries where in EFTA?

A

Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom

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16
Q

what did EFTA members create?

A

created a free trade area among themselves, agreeing to progressively reduce barriers for trade, particularly on industrial products.

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17
Q

what was the main difference between EFTA and the EEC

A

Main difference between the EFTA and EEC was that EFTA did not operate common external customs tariffs, unlike the former. Each EFTA member was free to establish its individual customs duties against, or its individual free trade agreements with non-EFTA countries

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18
Q

why was EFTA weakened in 1962?

A

seriously weakened from 1962 when the United Kingdom decided to apply for membership of the European Economic Community, mainly because it could not afford to have barriers with the six EEC founding members.

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19
Q

who was Jean Monnet?

A

a French originally a cognac salesman who proposed the plan for setting it in motion. Monnet was head of the General Planning Commission in France from 1948. From this position witnessing tensions between France and Germany he proposed pooling French and German coal and steel industries together

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20
Q

What was the Schuman Declaration? in what year?

A

Schuman proposed to place French and West German production of coal and steel under a single authority that later became the European Coal and Steel Community.

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21
Q

which Governments declared their willingness to join this community, the The European Coal and Steel Community

A

Italy, Holland, Belgium and Luxemburg

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22
Q

when was The European Coal and Steel Community was formally established

A

in 1951 by the Treaty of Paris.

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23
Q

what occured Treaty of Rome? and in what year?

A
  1. European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community. create a common market between the six founding members. They would have a free trade area and also a common external tariff between them.
    The Atomic Energy Community aimed at pooling resources of the six countries for the peaceful use of atomic energy.
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24
Q

when was the Empty chair crisis

A

1965

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25
what occurred in the Empty Chair Crisis
due to a clash with the President of the European Commission, Hallstein. De Gaulle rejected his proposal of qualified majority majority voting in the Council. He refused to allow the French representative sit in the Council
26
what solved the Empty chair crisis
Luxemburg compromise in 1966
27
when did the 1st enlargement took place in the EEC and what countries
1973 , Britain, Ireland and Denmark joined.
28
when did Spain join
1985
29
what was the debate on the so-called democratic deficit of the European Communities
The legislative branch of the EC was not democratic. National Parliaments were being imposed legislation from supranational institutions that were not democratically accountable.
30
when where first elections of the European Parliament were held
1979
31
what was the aim of the European single act
replace the so-called common market by a single market, with deeper economic integration.
32
when was the european single act
1986
33
which was the target year by which the single market should be consolidated
1992
34
The implementation of the Single European Act became the responsibility of who?
of the Delors Comission, led by Jacques Delors President of the European Commission from 1985 to 1995
35
the single eu act amed to as well?
remove all non tarriff barriers boost economic activity through free trade allow free movement of goods, seervices, people and capital
36
what where the events that contributed to accelerate the process of European integration in the late eighteis
1. 980s were years of economic growth under the effects of Reaganomics and Thatherite policies. 2. Events in central and eastern Europe led to an unexpected collapse of communism, bringing the Cold War to an end.
37
when was the Maastricht Treaty
, 1992
38
what where the aims of the Maastricht Treaty
European Union: it replaced the former European Community, emphasizing the fact that it was a union based on a shared European citizenship. 2. Currency union. Maastricht establishes the aim of a currency union, based on the establishment of a European Central Bank and convergence criteria to join this currency. 3. European Common and Security Policy. It sets the aim of appointing a European foreign minister with a European diplomatic corp.
39
what pact aimed at meeting the economic requirements for the single currency
The Stability and Growth Pact
40
Price stability. Inflation rate cannot be higher than (what number)above the best performing states.
2%
41
when was the European Central Bank established
in 1998.
42
when does the Euro appear as a physical currency.
2001.
43
how many countries joined Euro in 1999
11
44
when was the Treaty of Amsterdam
October 1997
45
what was agreed in the treaty of amsterdam
it was agreed that the EU would launch the ECFSC. A EU diplomatic corp. Work towards the establishment of an EU army. European Common Foreign and Security Policy High representative, to represent EU’s foreign policy. maximum number of EU members of Parliament should be 700.
46
who was the First High Representative of the European Common Foreign and Security Policy?
former Spanish Foreign Minsiter and NATO secretary general, Javier Solana,from 1999 to 2009.
47
why did the idea of a constitution came to an end?
both France and Holland called a referendum and it was rejected in both cases. The rejection of EU constitution by two countries brought ratification process to an end.
48
Main target of the EU in the early 21st century?
the constitution
49
when was the Treaty of Lisbon
2007
50
what does the treaty of Lisbon do?
Grants EU capacity to sign international treaties. Member states can only sign international agreements that are compatible with EU law. Treaty does not create state-like Union symbols, it preserves most of the substantial achievements of the constitutions, but clearly summarized.
51
which countries could not repay or refinance their government debt or bail our their over-indebted banks.
Greece, Portugal, Spain, Ireland and Cyprus - PIGS
52
WHEN was the period of significant movement of refugees and migrants into Europe, the worst since 1945.
In 2015 European migrant crisis, also known as Syrian refugee crisis
53
How much money did the EU agreed to pay Turkey to close frontier in Greece
6 billion euros
54
what is the principle of subsidiarity
that Decisions should be as closest to the citizen as possible. EU does not take action unless it is more effective than action taken at national or regional level
55
how many members in the commission
27
56
what is the role of the commission?
Executive arm of EU. Responsible for drawing up proposals for new European legislation. Implement decisions of the European Parliament and the Council of the EU. Legislative power . The Commission oversees departments and various agencies that execute and enforce EU law.
57
how does the European Council vote for the post of President?
votes by qualified majoritytaking into account the latest European elections.
58
who is in the EU Council?
EU Council is made up of the heads of state or government of all EU countries, the European Council President, and the European Commission President
59
who elects the president of the Council?
elected by the European Council itself for a once-renewable two-and-a-half-year term.At present the president is Charles Michel
60
difference between Council of the EU and
Council of the EU, represents governments of the EU. Council of Europe, not an EU institution ,founded in 1949, promotes human rights, democracy and rule of law.
61
hhow many members in the EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
700
62
what does the eu parliament do?
It debates legislation. It can pass or reject laws, and it can also make amendments (but not in all cases). .  It supervises EU institutions and budgets. It establishes an EU budget (along with the Council of the EU).
63
EU COURT OF JUSTICE - how many judges?
27 judges
64
how many Advocates-General
11
65
how are the judges and the advocates general appointed?
by common accord of the governments of the member states & hold office for a renewable term of six years.
66
what does The Court of Justice of the European Union
 interprets EU law to make sure it is applied in the same way in all EU countries and settles legal disputes between national governments and EU institutions
67
what does the general court do?
deals with issues of detail but without general importance.
68
what does the Court of Auditors do
it has no jurisdictional functions, but it is an external investigatory audit agency
69
what does the Statute of Court of Justice of the EU, require for the appointment of judges?
that judges are appointed only if they have no political occupation with independent position beyond doubt. Elected with the advice of 7 EU judges that the Council and Parliament select.
70
when was the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) was established?
1959
71
where is the ECHR based?
Strasbourg, France,
72
the ECHR operates under the .....
Council of Europe, not the European Union (EU).
73
are all 27 EU members also members of the council of europe and are boundy by the ECHR?
YES
74
what are the duties of the ECHR?
Protecting Human Rights – It ensures that states uphold rights such as freedom of expression, the right to a fair trial, and the prohibition of torture. Hearing Individual Cases – Individuals, NGOs, or states can bring complaints if they believe a country has violated their rights under the Convention. Issuing Binding Judgments – If the court rules against a country, it must take action to comply, though enforcement relies on the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers.
75
what is the concept of Primacy of EU law.
This is a legal principles that establishes the precedent of EU law over national law of all member states of the EU.
76
what does article 7 state?
a procedure to suspend certain rights from a member states, such as voting rights
77
example of when article 7 was applied?
2015 the European Parliament asked the Commission to apply this article 7 against Hungary, alleging breaches of core values.
78
what articleof the Treaty of the EU provides for the possibility of an EU member state leaving the EU “in accordance with its own constitutional requirements”.
Article 50
79
what are EU's three types of competences?
exclusive, shared and supporting
80
Exclusive competences of the EU . Under what article?
article 3
81
what are the exclusive competences?
Areas in which the EU alone is able to legislate and adopt binding acts.Member States are able to do so themselves only if given the powers by the EU to implement these acts
82
what areas are under exclusiv competences? what article is it
Article 3 1. monetary policy 2. comeptition rules 3. marine conservation OTHEER in total 5
83
under what article is shared competences stated ? what is it ? examples of shared competences?
article 4 The EU and its Member States are able to legislate and adopt legally binding acts. Member States exercise their own competence where the EU does not exercise, or has decided not to exercise, its own competence: 1. environment 2. energy 3. consumer protection
84
what are supporting competences?
the EU can only intervene to support, coordinate or complement the action of its Member States. Legally binding EU acts must not require the harmonisation of the laws or regulations of the Member States
85
article of the supporting competences?
article 6
86
areas of supporting comptences?
1. culture 2 civil protection 3. tourism
87
what are the special competences?
Special competences are areas where the EU helps countries work together, but doesn’t make strict laws like it does in other areas.
88
main special competences in the EU?
1. Economic & Social Policies 2. Foreign & Security Policy 3. EU’s Role in the World

EU UNION (1 decks)

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