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Europe (Chapter 3) Flashcards

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1
Q

What continent has been known as the birthplace of Western civilization?

A

Europe

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2
Q

What is a vital component of Western society that originates with laws and forms of modern government?

A

Greco-Roman law

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3
Q

What is a vital component of Western society through which the moral values of Judaism and Christianity took root and flourished in Europe rather than in Asia?

A

Judeo-Christian ethics

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4
Q

What is the peninsula that projects southward between the Baltic and Norwegian seas?

A

Scandinavian Peninsula

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5
Q

What is the peninsula that lies between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea?

A

Jutland Peninsula

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6
Q

What is the peninsula that occupies the southwestern corner of Europe where is guards the Strait of Gibraltar between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean?

A

Iberian Peninsula

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7
Q

What is the boot-shaped landmass that is perhaps the most easily recognized and separates the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic seas?

A

Italian Peninsula

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8
Q

What is the triangular peninsula that divides the Adriatic and Ionian seas from the Black and Aegean Sea?

A

Balkan Peninsula

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9
Q

What is Europe’s largest island?

A

Great Britain

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10
Q

What is Europe’s westernmost island?

A

Iceland

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11
Q

What is Europe’s most prominent mountain range?

A

Alps

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12
Q

What is the highest peak in Europe?

A

Mount Elbrus

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13
Q

What is the setting for most of Europe’s population, industry, and agriculture?

A

Northern European Plain

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14
Q

What is Europe’s larget river?

A

Volga

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15
Q

What is Europe’s second largest river?

A

Danube

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16
Q

What is the lowest point in Europe?

A

Caspian Sea

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17
Q

How was Europe divided during the Cold War era?

A

into Free Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe

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18
Q

What is the only continent without desert areas?

A

Europe

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19
Q

What are the two countries located on the Iberian Peninsula?

A

Spain and Portugal

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20
Q

What are the three countries located on the Italian Peninsula?

A

Italy, San Marino, and Vatican City

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21
Q

What country is located on the Balkan Peninsula?

A

Greece

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22
Q

What is the climate that the countries of this region share except in the highland areas?

A

mediterranean climate

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23
Q

What is the largest Greek island?

A

Crete

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24
Q

What is the most prominent mountain range in Greece?

A

Pindus

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25
What is the highest peak in Greece?
Mount Olympus
26
What is Greece's largest lowland area?
Thessaly
27
What is the island like peninsula located in southern Greece separated from the mainland by the Gulf of Corinth and the narrow Corith Canal?
Peloponesus
28
Who united the Greek city states?
Philip II
29
Who was the son of Philip II who went on to conquer North Africa and parts of Asia?
Alexander the Great
30
What is the official state religion of Greece?
Greek Orthodoxy
31
What is the capital city of Greece?
Athens
32
What ethnicity makes up the majority of the people in Greece?
Greeks
33
What is the mountain range that separates Italy from Central Europe?
Alps
34
What is the river valley that stretches across northern Italy between the Alps and the Apennines?
Po River Valley
35
What is the range of mountains that runs down the length of the Italian Peninsula like a spine?
Apennine Mountains
36
What is Italy's most active volcano?
Mt. Vesuvius
37
Who freed the last section of Italy from Austria?
Garibaldi
38
Who brought Italy to a united kingdom?
Victor Emmanuel II
39
What is the capital of Italy?
Rome
40
What is one of most impressive structures in Rome?
Roman Colosseum
41
What is the birthplace of the Renaissance?
Florence
42
What is the location of the famous leaning tower?
Pisa
43
What is the Italian city known for its canals?
Venice
44
What is the dominant religion in Italy?
Catholicism
45
What is the world's smallest independent state?
Vatican City
46
What is the world's oldest republic?
San Marino
47
What is the leading European manufacturing center?
Milan
48
What is the city that is the leading producer of automobiles?
Turin
49
What separates the Iberian Peninsula from North Africa?
Strait of Gibraltar
50
What are the two promontories that frame the Strait of Gibraltar?
Pillars of Hecules
51
What is the plateau in Spain surrounded by mountains?
Meseta Plateau
52
What is the fruitful area found in the lower coastal regions?
Valencia
53
What is the river in Spain the flows eastward through northern Spain?
Ebro
54
What is the river in Spain that courses westwards through the middle of the country?
Tagus
55
What is a fortified alcazar left by the Moors?
Alhambra
56
What is the old Moorish capital in southern Spain?
Cordoba
57
What two movements drove many of the Muslims, Jews, and other groups out of Spain?
Spanish Reconquista and the Inquisition
58
What is one of the most tourist rich cities in Spain?
Barcelona
59
What is the capital and largest city of Spain?
Madrid
60
What is the Portuguese capital that has one of Europe's best natural harbors?
Lisbon
61
What is the only mineral that is mined in large quantities in Portugal?
tungesten
62
Who founded countless navigational schools in Portugal?
Prince Henry the Navigator
63
What was the name that the Romans gave to the area that is modern-day Portugal?
Lusitania
64
What two rulers united the kingdoms of Spain through their marriage?
King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabela of Catile
65
What is the dominant religion in Spain?
Catholicism
66
What is the region of Central Europe's most prominent topographical feature?
Alps
67
What is the smaller range of mountains that forms the border between France and Spain?
Pyrenees
68
What is Europe's most important inland waterway?
Rhine River
69
What is the dominant climate located further inland particularly in the higher elevations?
humid continental
70
What is the dominant climate across must of Central Europe?
marine west coast
71
What is the island in the Mediterranean that belongs to France?
Corsica
72
What is the highest peak in the Alps?
Mont Blanc
73
What is the French peninsula which extends from the western coast between the chanel and the bay?
Brittany
74
What is a large plateau that covers most of southern Central Europe?
Massif Central
75
What is the Celtic people group who were some of the earliest inhabitants of France?
Gauls
76
What was the Germanic tribe who invaded Gaul for and for whom modern France is named?
Franks
77
What is the capital city of France that is one of the world's largest cultural cities?
Paris
78
Name three popular attractions found in Paris.
Eiffel Tower, Louvre Museum, and the Cathedral of Notre Dame
79
What is one of the world's largest museums found in Paris?
Louvre Museum
80
What is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture that spires up to 223 feet high?
Cathedral of Notre Dame
81
What is an enormous complex outside the city of Paris that was built by Louis XIV?
Palace of Versailles
82
What religion has been dominant in France for hundreds of years?
Roman Catholicism
83
What is a country near France that is only 181 square miles nestled in the heart of the Pyrenees?
Andora
84
What is the constitutional monarchy that occupies less than one square miles of land?
Moancco
85
What has become Western Europe's largest agricultural producer?
France
86
What is the mountain range that covers the southern 50% of Switzerland?
Swiss Alps
87
What is the mountain in the Swiss Alps that has been a challenge to mountain climbers worldwide?
Matterhorn
88
What is the mountain range that covers another 10% of Switzerland in the north?
Jura Mountaings
89
90
What is the region that extends from Lake Geneva to Lake Constance where the majority of Swiss live?
Mittelland Plateau
91
What are the small, particularly self-governing districts?
cantons
92
What is the religion that nearly half of the Swiss people are?
Roman Catholic
93
What is the religion that the other Swiss follow?
Protestanism
94
What are the two largest cities in modern Switzerland?
Zurich and Geneva
95
What is the capital of Switzerland that is the ideal headquarters for international agencies?
Bern
96
What is a tiny monarchy nestled between Switzerland and Austria?
Liechtenstein
97
What is the major center of banking for private individuals in Switzerland?
Zuich
98
What is the river that flows through northern Austria?
Danube River
99
What is the religion that the vast majority of Austrians are?
Roman Catholic
100
What is the county known for its crystal glassware?
Austria
101
What is the capital of Austria that is known as a great cultural center?
Vienna
102
What is Europe's busiest river?
Rhine River
103
What is the capital of Germany?
Berlin
104
What is the church that has been Germany's major Protestant denomination ever since the time of the Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation?
Lutheran
105
Who started the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther
106
What was the barrier of concrete and barbed wire that the Communists build to keep the East German people from escaping to visit Berlin and freedom?
Berlin Wall
107
Which side of the Berlin wall prospered because of the free enterprise system?
West Berlin
108
Which side of the Berlin wall crumbled and suffered economically because of Communism?
East Berlin
109
What has been a major center of trade since the Middle Ages and has a natural harbor on the North Sea?
Hamburg
110
What controls many of the social economic concerns of its member nations and has its headquarters in Brussels?
European Union
111
What allowed for the free trade of natural resources among the members of the European Union?
Common Market

Geography (14 decks)

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