European Reformations Flashcards
(18 cards)
When was the Münster rebellion?
1534
Why did the Münster rebellion shock rulers?
Its violent nature
What impact did the Münster Rebellion have on Protestantism?
It made Protestant leaders distance themselves from radicalism and align more closely with established authorities.
How did mainstream Protestantism change after early radical uprisings?
It became more conservative and cooperative with political powers, seeking legitimacy through state support.
How did Lutheranism gain political influence?
Lutheranism received official backing from princes, who used it to strengthen their control.
In what way did Protestantism become a tool for state-building?
Rulers used Protestant ideas to justify their authority and consolidate political power.
When was the Peace of Aubsburg?
1555
What did the 1555 Peace of Augsburg formalise? (2)
- Ciuis Regio
- Eius Religio
What did Ciuis Regio and Eius Religio mean?
Rulers decided their territory’s religion
Calvinism:
Unlike Lutheranism, it justified resistance to rulers who opposed “true religion” (Protestantism)
In which countries did Calvinist beliefs help fuel rebellion? (3)
- France
- Netherlands
- Scotland (against Mary, Queen of Scots).
When was Luther’s German Bible created?
1534
What significance was Luther’s 1534 German Bible? (3)
- Wider direct access to the bible
- Reshaped literacy and biblical knowledge
- Improved personal relationship with God
What was used to spread reformation ideas? (2)
- Pamphlets
- Theological writings
What did Martin Luther challenge?
Church abuses like indulgences and papal authority
What did Martin Luther emphasise? (2)
- Sola Fide (faith alone)
- Sola Scriptura (scripture alone)
When was the Council of Trent?
1543-1563
What did the Council of Trent say
Standardised Catholic religious practice
