Evaluate The View That Non- Democratic States Are The System Of Government That Is The Biggest Threat To Global Peace and Security

Question 1

INTRO-

Answer 1

In this essay, ‘rogue statesʼ are included in ‘non-democratic statesʼ, whilst ‘semi-democratic statesʼ and ‘failed statesʼ are not.

Question 2

1)NON-DEMOCRATIC STATES VS FAILED STATE

Answer 2

FOR- Non-Democratic States Lead to Collapse and Violence

Non-democratic states often deny people rights and don’t allow fair elections.
This can cause protests and uprisings, which turn into civil wars.
When these regimes fall, it creates a power vacuum — no one in charge — which causes fighting, chaos, and regional instability.
Examples:

Arab Spring (2011): Protests against dictators in the Middle East.
In Syria (Assad) and Libya (Gaddafi), revolts led to long, violent civil wars.
Libya after Gaddafi: Armed groups fought for control; weapons spread across North Africa and into Europe.
DR Congo (1997): After dictator Mobutu fell, civil war broke out.
War involved countries like Rwanda and Uganda → over 5 million people died.
➤ Against: Failed States Are a Bigger Threat

A failed state is one where the government no longer works — can’t protect people or keep order.
These places become safe havens for terrorists, warlords, pirates, etc.
These groups cause violence, smuggle weapons, and even launch international attacks.
Examples:

Somalia (1991): Gov collapsed → pirates, warlords, and al-Shabaab took over.
US and UK had to send military help because piracy affected global trade.
Sudan (2023):

Civil war caused over 1 million refugees to flee into Chad, South Sudan, and Egypt.
This increased conflict over land and water, especially in Chad.
Armed groups from Sudan have entered South Sudan, making their situation worse.
✅ Judgement for Paragraph One:

Failed states are dangerous, but many failed states were once non-democratic regimes.
Therefore, non-democratic states are more dangerous, because their collapse often causes failed states.

Question 3

2) ROGUE VS DEMOCRATIC

Answer 3

FOR-Rogue States (Non-Democratic) Intentionally Destabilise the World

Rogue states = non-democratic countries that ignore international rules and actively cause instability.
They often support terrorism, build nuclear weapons, and try to undermine democracy.
Examples:

Russia: Invaded Ukraine (2022) and supported Assad in Syria, causing years of war.
Also interfered in the 2016 US election, trying to divide Americans.
Iran: Supports Hezbollah, Hamas, Houthis.
Their support fuels violence in Yemen, Lebanon, Israel.
Iran’s nuclear programme creates tension with Israel and the US.
➤ Against: Democratic States Can Also Create Instability

Democracies often say they’re promoting human rights — but sometimes their actions cause wars and chaos.
Examples:

US and UK invaded Iraq (2003) and Afghanistan (2001) to “promote democracy”.
Iraq: Saddam was removed, but the country fell into violence and terrorism (rise of ISIS). Over 200,000 civilians died.
Afghanistan: Taliban returned after US left in 2021 → democracy failed.
US supports allies even when they violate human rights.
Example: Continued arms support to Israel during the Gaza war, despite 40,000+ civilian deaths.
✅ Judgement for Paragraph Two:

Yes, democracies make mistakes.
But rogue non-democratic states (like Russia and Iran) are deliberately trying to weaken peace, democracy, and international law.
That makes them a bigger threat.

Question 4

3)NON-DEMOCRATIC Vs SEMI DEMOCRATIC

Answer 4

Against- Semi-Democratic States Undermine Peace from the Inside

Semi-democracies = countries that look democratic, but act like dictatorships.
These states join international organisations (like the EU or NATO) but don’t follow their values.
This weakens alliances from the inside.
Examples:

Turkey (Erdoğan):
Jails opponents, controls media, rigged elections.
Still a member of NATO, but now works closely with Russia.
Hungary (Orbán):
Weakens courts and media.
Still in the EU, but supports China and Russia, which undermines unity.
➤ For: Non-Democratic States Create and Support Semi-Democracies

Non-democratic states actively try to weaken democracies by:
Supporting authoritarian leaders.
Spreading fake news and division in other countries.
Examples:

Russia: Interfered in US elections (2016) by spreading fake news online.
China: Builds ties with Hungary to split the EU and reduce Western influence.
✅ Judgement for Paragraph Three:

Semi-democracies are dangerous because they cause internal problems in alliances.
But non-democratic regimes are behind a lot of this — they create, fund, and support semi-democracies to undermine global peace.
So again, non-democratic states are the root problem.