Every I Shoukd I Know Flashcards
What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when the temp is high
Enzymes needed for photosynthesis are denatured . The bond that holds them together are destroyed and it cannot work on substrate anymore
What are the 5 things plants use glucose for
Respiration Making cell wall Making protein Stored in seeds Stored as starch
How does glucose make cell walls
Turn glucose into cellulose . When cellouse builds up it forms a strong cell wall
How is glucose used to make proteins
Mix glucose with mp nitrate ions absorbed from ground to amino acids. Build Amin acids up to make proteins
How is glucose stored in seeds
Turned into fats and oils . This is then stored in seeds
Why is glucose is turned into starch
Starch is insoluble. Better for storing than glucose. Stored in roots
What is a catalyst
A substance which increases the speed of reaction without being changed or used up
What is bile, where is it produced and what does it do?
An akali, produced in the liver, and neutrilises acid added to food in the stomach and makes conditions akaline.
What is the respiration from respiration used for
In animals it allows their muscles to contract.
In mammals to keep a steady temperature
Build larger molecules from smaller ones
In pants to build sugars, nitrates and other ions into amino acids
What is the problem for respiring anaerobically
It makes lactic acid. Acid builds up in the muscle and causes pain. Also causes muscle fatigue. This is were muscles get tired and stop working as well.
What is mitosis
When a cell copies itself by splitting into two identical offspring
Why does mitosis take place
When you need to grow or replace a damaged cell.
Give the process of mitosis
1) a cell with two sets of chromosomes.
2) the dna is copied and forms z shaped chromosomes
3) the cell divides once.
4) now have to new cells containing exactly same genes
What is meiosis
Where cells in reproductive organs divide to form gametes
Why does meiosis take place
To make new sex cells
What are embryonic cells
Unspecialised cells found in the embryo . They can turn into any type of cell
What is a adult stem cell
Unspecialised cell found in adults
Can turn into many cells but not every type
How do stem cells cure some diseases
Replace faulty cells that’s causing that problem e.g replace nerve cells of someone who is physically disabled
What gene is cystic fibrosis caused by and what does this mean
Recessive. People with only one copy of the allele won’t suffer from symptoms. For the chance of child having this both would have to carry allele
What gene is polydactyly cause by and what does this mean ?
Dominant. Child can have it even if only one parent is carrying the faulty cell.
What is cystic fibrosis and polydactyly
Cf- genetic disorder of the cell membrane
P- where baby born with extra fingers or toes.
What are the pros for embryo screening
It will help suffering people.
Laws to stop it going too far. Parents can’t choose sex of child.
Treating disorders cost money
Cons of embryo screening
May be a point where everyone wants to screen embryos. So they can pick the child they want
The bad embryos are destroyed when they could have been a human
Screening is expensive
What does the rate of photosynthesis depend on
Light level
Co2 levels
Temperature
