Everyday Chemistry

Question 1

What is pH scale used to measure?

Answer 1

The pH of a substance

Question 2

What has a pH of less than 7?

Answer 2

An Acid

Question 3

What has the pH of higher than 7?

Answer 3

An Alkali

Question 4

What has the pH of 7?

Answer 4

A Neutral

Question 5

What colour does universal indicator turn when its an acid?

Answer 5

Red

Question 6

What colour does universal indicator turn when its an alkali?

Answer 6

Blue/Purple

Question 7

What colour does universal indicator turn when its a neutral?

Answer 7

Green

Question 8

State some common laboratory acids.

Answer 8

Hydrochloric acid, Sulfuric acid, Nitric acid

Question 9

State some household acids.

Answer 9

Vinegar, Fizzy drinks

Question 10

State some common laboratory alkalis.

Answer 10

Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide

Question 11

State some common household alkalis.

Answer 11

bleach, oven cleaner, soap, baking soda

Question 12

What happens to the pH of a substance when its diluted?

Answer 12

It becomes closer to a neutral (pH of 7)

Question 13

What happens to an acid when an alkali is added and vice versa?

Answer 13

Neutralisation happens.

Question 14

What is the general word equation for neutralisation?

Answer 14

Acid + Alkali –> salt + water

Question 15

What is the first part of a salts name from?

Answer 15

The first part is from the alkali.

Question 16

What is the second part of the salts name from?

Answer 16

The second part is from the acid

Question 17

How can salts be separated from water?

Answer 17

Through evaporation.

Question 18

What is acid rain formed by?

Answer 18

Sulfuric acid & Nitric acid

Question 19

What is dissolving in our oceans that leads to ocean acidificartion?

Answer 19

CO2

Question 20

What common properties do metals have?

Answer 20

Conductors of heat and electricity, strong, high melting and boiling points, malleability, ductility

Question 21

What is an alloy?

Answer 21

A mixture of 2 or more elements, atleast on of which a metal

Question 22

Name an alloy and describe its properties and uses

Answer 22

Brass, - used for instruments, medal etc
Steel-used for cars, building etc
Bronze- used for medals, pots etc All conductors of heat & electricity malleable, high melting point and boiling point.

Question 23

What is the general word equation for metal reacting with water?

Answer 23

Metal + water-> metal hydroxide+hydrogen

Question 24

What is the general word equation for a metal reacting with an acid?

Answer 24

metal + acid –> metal salt + hydrogen

Question 25

If a reaction produces gas, a more reactive metal will produce?

Answer 25

More gas more quickly

Question 26

What is the general word equation for a metal reacting with oxygen?

Answer 26

metal + oxygen -->metal oxide

Question 27

For reaction with a metal and oxygen a more reactive metal will produce what?

Answer 27

A brighter glow

Question 28

What is required for metals to corrode?

Answer 28

Oxygen & water

Question 29

Some metals corrode _____ than others

Answer 29

Faster

Question 30

What is the corrosion of iron called?

Answer 30

Rusting

Question 31

What colour does ferroxyl indicator turn when rusting has occurred?

Answer 31

Yellow to Blue

Question 32

How can rusting be prevented?

Answer 32

Physical and Chemical protection

Question 33

What does Physical protection prevent from reaching the metal?

Answer 33

Water & Oxygen

Question 34

What are some physical protection methods?

Answer 34

Painting & Greasing

Question 35

What does chemical protection use?

Answer 35

It uses the reactivity of different metals

Question 36

What is sacrificial protection?

Answer 36

When you attach a more reactive metal to iron

Question 37

What is galvanising?

Answer 37

Coating Iron in Zinc

Question 38

What is a simple cell made from?

Answer 38

Connecting two electrodes with an electrolyte solution using wires

Question 39

What is an electrolyte solution?

Answer 39

A solution that can conduct electricity

Question 40

How can the voltage in a simple cell be changed?

Answer 40

By using different pairs of metals as electrodes