Everything Flashcards
(35 cards)
California was home to…
more Native Americans than any other region in the United States.
What were the Indians primary food source?
Acorns from wild oak trees that grew acorns, they made acorn flour.
How did they carry the acorns?
With their basket weaving skills ;)
What kind of religion or culture were the Indians?
polytheistic culture (worshiping multiple gods)
5500 BC
nomadic Indians started to settle and established villages near the coast. Arrived in San Francisco area.
About Native American language
there was no written language.
Spanish Exploration
-Christopher Columbus made four voyages under Spanish patronage to the Caribbean in the 1940s and 1950s.
While Spanish explored the early Americas, what did they do?
They decided to build missions. Wanted to spread Christianity to the natives and wanted to exploit native people as free labor in agriculture- slave labor to Native Americans.
What kind of impact did the Mission system have?
had a significant impact, both religiously and economically. Wanted to convert Indians to Catholicism. Indians were not allowed to leave the missions and those who did were forced to return or punished. They were given food, shelter, and work along with religious and cultural “training”.
-It might have benefitted some Indians, but overall, missions were NOT a good thing for these first Americans. Striped of identity and treated harshly. Whipped, kept in irons and humiliated. Many mission indians died of diseases brought by the Spanish.
What were Rancheros?
private ranches of private owners- for cattle, and other things.
Pueblos
towns
Presidio
JAIL!
What were Spanish and Mexican settlements made up of?
Rancheros, Pueblos, Presidios
California became what kind of Province and when?
California became a Mexican province in 1822, after Mexico won its independence from Spain. (similar to how colonists won its independence from Britain, Mexico won it’s independence from Spanish)
What happened after Mexico won it’s independence from Spain?
After they won, they abolished the Mission system for economic and social-political reasons.
Manuel Victoria
governor sent by Mexico to California, he ruled with a strong militant hand. People who lived in California (Californians) resented Mexican rule, wanted independence. (Developed a sense of identity, Mexico was too far removed from them, they didn’t understand their lives, shouldn’t control them)
-So in order to keep control, Mexico set governors to deal with them. (Manuel Victoria)
Pio Pico
Californians who rebelled against having their affairs dictated by outsiders, were led by Pio Pico. So he was a Californian leader. rather than Manuel Victoria who was on the opposite side.
The Mexican-American War
- what year?
- who declared war on who?
- what was it over?
- how did it end?
- 1846
- The US declared war on Mexico
- was over border disputed, conflict between two nations
- After the US victory, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo- gave control of California and other surrounding regions to the U.S.
- California Oregon Colorado Nevada (huge region, large victory)
What was the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo?
The treaty gave control of California, and other surrounding regions to the US
- California, Oregon, Colorado, Nevada (huge region, large victory)
- Completed Manifest destiny (expanding out, completed this)
The Gold Rush
- what time
- population growth
1847-1860
population grew from 15,000-380,000. Population boom was due to Gold Rush!
What did California’s population growth lead to?
Californias acceptance into STATEHOOD.
Was California a slave state or a free state?
free!
How is California’s constitution similar to the U.S. Constitution?
The Separation of powers (Judicial-supreme court, Executive-governor (President), Legislative-Congress)
What is different in California’s government versus United States government?
type of veto the governor has. In California, the governor has stronger veto power. He has the ability to strike out parts of the law he doesn’t want to sign. President of the US does not have that ability, must sign the bill.
