Everything About Meiosis

Question 1

Cells without specific instructions and can become any type of cell needed by the organism

Answer 1

Stem cells

Question 2

What do stem cells get instructions from?

Answer 2

Protein switches

Question 3

What are the things in the stem cell that give instructions to the stem cell

Answer 3

Protein switches

Question 4

What happens in meiosis 1

Answer 4

Separation of homologus chromosomes

Question 5

X=

Answer 5

Female

Question 6

Y=

Answer 6

Male

Question 7

How many chromosomes does each gamete carry

Answer 7

23

Question 8

1 chromosome from each gamete is about…

Answer 8

The gender of the child

Question 9

Chromosomes that are alike in length, placement of the centromere, and genetic info contained

Answer 9

Homologus chromosomes

Question 10

The phase directly after fertilization

Answer 10

Interphase

Question 11

The combining of DNA from x and the DNA from y

Answer 11

Fertilization

Question 12

What happens on prophase 1

Answer 12

The sister chromatids from mom are attracted to the sister chromatids from dad

Question 13

This is what enables a population to be healthy, have less chance of a defect passed on to the next generation.

Answer 13

Genetic diversity

Question 14

This is when two homologus chromosomes from two parents wrap around each other and exchange information

Answer 14

Crossing over

Question 15

What is the goal for meiosis

Answer 15

To make gamete

Question 16

What happens in metaphase 1

Answer 16

Centrioles go to opostite sides of the cell and homologus chromosomes line up down the center of the cell

Question 17

What happens in anaphase 1

Answer 17

Centrioles put out spindle fibers which attach to individual centromeres, and the spindle fibers separate the homologus chromosome pairs and an equatorial plate forms

Question 18

What happens in telophase 1

Answer 18

The expanding cell separates into two daughter cells, each containing 23 sister chromatids
And the nuclear membrane reforms

Question 19

What happens right after the cell begins meiosis 2

Answer 19

The cell goes into interphase

Question 20

What happens in interphase 2

Answer 20

The two daughter cells gather energy by using metabolism

Question 21

What happens in prophase 2

Answer 21

The centrioles replicate
They make new spindle fibers
Nuclear membrane disappears in each cell

Question 22

What is the goal for meiosis 2

Answer 22

To make gamete

Question 23

What happens in metaphase 2

Answer 23

Sister chromatids line up down the center of the cell

Question 24

What happens in anaphase 2

Answer 24

Each cell stretches and an equatorial plate forms.

Chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides of the cell

Question 25

What happens in telophase 2

Answer 25

4 daughter cells are formed Nuclear membrane reforms Chromosomes turn back into chromatin Chromosomes move inside the membrane

Question 26

What are cells that have half the amount of chromosomes as a fertilized egg

Answer 26

Haploid cells

Question 27

A change In either a chromosome or in the meiosis process which can make a chromosome defective or different than the way it started. Some are harmful, some aren't

Answer 27

A mutation

Question 28

A loss of a piece of a chromosome due to chromosomal breakage

Answer 28

Deletion

Question 29

A chromosome mutation in which a chromosome segment breaks off and then reattaches in reverse to the same chromosome

Answer 29

Inversion

Question 30

When a chromosome piece breaks off and reattaches to another

Answer 30

Translocation

Question 31

The failure of a chromosome to separate from its pair during meiosis

Answer 31

Nondisjunction

Question 32

If the centromere is in the center of the chromosome it is...

Answer 32

Metacentric

Question 33

If the centromere is at the end of the chromosome it is...

Answer 33

Acrocentric

Question 34

If the centromere is between the end and the middle of the chromosome it is...

Answer 34

Submetacentric

Question 35

What are the two numerical mutations

Answer 35

Trisomy and monosomy

Question 36

What are the 4 structural mutations

Answer 36

Translocation Inversion Deletion Duplication

Question 37

An organism with two different genotypes

Answer 37

Mosaic

Question 38

What is the process of staining chromosomes and viewing the using an oil immersion lens on a compound microscope

Answer 38

Karyotyping