Everything deck :)

Question 1

When were microsopes used to discover cells

Answer 1

In 1665, early 
microscopes were used  
to look at cork
discovered tiny boxes, 
called “cells”

Question 2

What is the cell theory?

Answer 2

1. All living things are made of cells
2. Cells are the simplest units of living things
3. All cells come from existing cells through cell
   division

Question 3

What is a prokaryotic

Answer 3

Prokaryotic: bacteria
Missing a nucleus and any membrane organelle
DNA hangs out in nucleoid

Question 4

What is a Eukaryotic

Answer 4

Eukaryotic: every other cell
Has all organelles
Includes all other living things

Question 5

Cell Specialization

Answer 5

The shape of cells is directly related to their function
 Examples:
Skin cells are flat and fit together tightly
Function: cover tissue and waterproofing
Nerve cells are long and thin
Function: transmit a signal long distances
Blood cells are thin and flexible
Function: carry oxygen and get everywhere in body

Question 6

Cytoplasm:

Answer 6

—everything

except the nucleus

Question 7

Cytosol

Answer 7

fluid that fills
the cells between
organelles

Question 8

What is unicellular

Answer 8

also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of a single cell,

Question 9

What is Multicellular

Answer 9

is an organism that consists of more than one cell

Question 10

Organelle

Answer 10

Organelles are specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells. The term literally means “little organs.” –organelles serve specific functions to keep a cell alive–

EX- lysosomes, nucleus , mitochondria , and the endoplasmic reticulum .

Question 11

What is a Cell Membrane

Answer 11

is found in all cells and separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer
The cell membrane regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell.

Question 12

Lipid bilayer

Answer 12

A bilayer is composed of two sheets of phospholipid molecules each having a head and two tails

its structural components provide the barrier that marks the boundaries of a cell.

The inside of the lipid bilayer is non-polar, while the heads are polar molecules and create hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.

Question 13

Phospolipids

Answer 13

also known as phosphatides, are a class of lipids whose molecule has a hydrophilic “head” containing a phosphate group, and two hydrophobic “tails”

Question 14

Hydrophobic

Answer 14

tending to repel or fail to mix with water.

Question 15

Hydrophilic

Answer 15

having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in water

Question 16

Cell Wall

Answer 16

a structural layer surrounding some types of cells, Mainly plant cells

it protects the cell

Question 17

The primary wall

Answer 17

To allow for cell wall expansion during growth, primary walls are thinner and less rigid than those of cells that have stopped growing.

Question 18

secondary cell wall

Answer 18

Found in plant cells—located between the primary cell wall and the plasma membrane. The cell starts producing the secondary cell wall after the primary cell wall is complete and the cell has stopped expanding.

Question 19

Nucleus

Answer 19

A nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s chromosomes.

Question 20

Nucleolus

Answer 20

whose main function is ribosomal synthesis and ribosome biogenesis.

its a darker dot in the nucleus

Question 21

Nucleoid

Answer 21

an irregularly shaped area containing the genetic material of the prokaryotic cell.

ONLY IN BACTERIA

Question 22

Mitochondria

Answer 22

A mitochondrion is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms. —Responsible for orchestrating cellular energy production

Question 23

Ribosome

Answer 23

Ribosomes link amino acids together specified by the messenger RNA———–that perform biological protein synthesis.

Question 24

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 24

is a cell organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.

Question 25

Lysosome

Answer 25

are membrane-bound organelles with roles in processes involved in degrading and recycling cellular waste, and energy metabolism

Question 26

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 26

to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function.

Question 27

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 27

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is known for stocking the lipids and proteins

Question 28

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 28

the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is bounded by the ribosomes and also stores proteins.

Question 29

Chloroplast

Answer 29

a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. Gives them their color helps absorb energy as they undergo photosynthesis

Question 30

Vacuole

Answer 30

In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance.

Question 31

Cytoplasm

Answer 31

is the gel-like fluid inside the cell. It is the medium for chemical reaction. It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell.

Question 32

Cytosol

Answer 32

Cytosol is the liquid found inside of cells. It is the water-based solution in which organelles, proteins, and other cell structures float.

Question 33

Cytoskeleton

Answer 33

The cytoskeleton is a structure that helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization,

Question 34

Centrosome

Answer 34

a cellular structure involved in the process of cell division--- is the main place where cell microtubules are organized.

Question 35

Centriole

Answer 35

The main function of centriole is to help with cell division in animal cells.