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Everything GTE Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

Define potential energy

A

Engery stored due to postion or form

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2
Q

Conservation of energy

A

Energy can neither be destroyed or created. It can only change forms

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3
Q

Define work

A

Force applied to an object proportional to the distance it travels
W=FxD

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4
Q

What is work measured in

A

Joules

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5
Q

Define power

A

Force x distance over time

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6
Q

Measurement of relation between heat and work….

A

Is British thermal unit (BTU).

1 BTU = 778ftib

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7
Q

3 ways to transfer heat

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

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8
Q

How heat transfer by conduction

A

Through physical contact between two objects

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9
Q

Define convection

A

Heat transfered by movement of heated fluid

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10
Q

Define radition

A

Heat transfer through waves, only way to heat without presence of matter

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11
Q

Define Boyles law

A

Temp constant, as volume of vessel increases pressure decreases

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12
Q

Define Charles law

A

With pressure constant, as temp increases the volume of fluid increases

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13
Q

Outline newton’s 3rd law

A

Every action has an equal and opposite reaction

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14
Q

Outline Brayton cycle

A

Open and continuous.

Has intake, compression, combustion and exhaust all simultaneously

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15
Q

Types of turbine engines

A

Turbojet
Turbofan
Turboshaft
Turboprop

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16
Q

How does temperature effect thrust

A

The more dense the air the more thrust an engine can produce (cooler temps)
As temp increases thrust decreases

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17
Q

How does altitude effect thrust

A

As altitude increases air pressure drops and less thrust is generated

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18
Q

How engine speed effect thrust

A

At high engine speeds small increases in speed produces a large increase in thrust

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19
Q

How fan efficiency effect thrust

A

How much fuel is burned by efficiency of fan. As turbofan is more fuel efficient than turbojet that is producing same thrust

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20
Q

Outline turboprop

A

Engine delivers power to a propeller via reduction gearbox. This is necessary to reach optimum propeller performance

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21
Q

Outline turboshaft

A

Almost all energy/power generated by engine is extracted to spin shaft. As rotorcraft don’t need produce thrust.

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22
Q

Outline turbofan

A

Turbofans consists of a multibladed ducted propeller which is a compromise between turboprop and turbojet. Has turbojet cruise capability yet takes efficiency and short take of standards of a turboprop

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23
Q

3 main turbofans

A

Low bypass 1:1
Medium bypass 2:1-3:1
Highbypass 4:1-9:1

Ultralight bypass 9:1-30:1

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24
Q

Outline purpose of air intake/inlet

A

Designed to recover as much of total pressure from the free airstream as possible, (ram recovery)

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25
Shape are subsonic inlets typically
Divergent
26
Outline a compressor
A device that raises the pressure of a working fluid passing through it
27
Function of compressor
Induce and compressor mass airflow to high pressure for efficient combustion and to deliver it to the combustion section
28
Shape of compressor
Convergent duct
29
Types of compressor (3)
Axial Centrifugal Combination
30
Centrifugal main parts (3)
Impeller Diffuser Mainfold
31
Axial compressor stage
Rotors and stators
32
Types of turbine blades
Impulse Reaction Impulse-reaction
33
Outline a shroud in relation to compressors
Long fan blades are supported by a midspan shroud, which makes them more resistant to bending forces
34
Purpose of mutlispool compressors
Less load for starting | Can spin at optimal rate individually
35
What causes compressor stall
Angle of attack in result of inlet air velocity and compressors rotational velocity. To overcome compressor stall is to reduce AoA by the use of variable inlet guide vanes
36
Highest pressure in an engine
At diffuser
37
Types of combustion chambers [4]
Can annular Annular Multican Reversal
38
Outline airflow through combustion chamber
Primary air 25-35% used for combustion | Secondary air is used for cooling and shaping of flame
39
Methods of attachment of blades
Fir tree root (Most common) Dove tail Pin joint Blisk (blades and disk are one single solid piece)
40
Advantages of multispool engines
Smaller starting requirements Faster acceleration More efficient at higher altitudes
41
Causes of compression stall [6]
* excessive fuel flow * op above or below designed rpm parameters * damaged compressor components * turbulent airflow * damaged turbine * excessive lean fuel/air mixture
42
Compressor cleaning methods[2]
Fluid wash | Abrasive grit blast
43
Combustion chamber purpose
Adds energy to gasses, expanding and accelerating them, delivering it to the turbine section
44
Diffuser section bleed air purposes [5]
``` Engine cooling Bearing seal pressuisation Engine anti icing Customer services (cabin environmental) Pneumatic starting ```
45
Outline combustion chamber drains
Used to drain excess fuel on start up and shutdown to prevent hot starts
46
In
47
Purpose of interconnectors
Allows flames to spread around all cans during start up
48
Types of turbine coupling
Gas coupling | Mechanical coupling
49
What type of fitment do turbine blades have and why
Loose, thermal expansion and stop warping
50
Define Impulse blades
Bucket shape, change direction of airflow and change no change in Gas velocity or pressure
51
Outline reaction turbine blades
Produce a turning force from aerodynamic action from their aerofoil shape
52
Define convection cooling
When blades are hollow and have holes in them allows bleed air to create a film around blade of cool air for cooling
53
Define transpiration cooling
Nozzle guide vanes have a porus material that air seeps through. Only on guide vanes!
54
Open vs shrouded turbine
Open used on high speed turbines | Shrouded used on slow speed turbines
55
Purpose of exhaust nozzle
Provide exhuast with extra boost in velocity. Converging duct
56
Cooling bearings
57
3 forms of fatigue
High cycle fatigue Thermal fatigue Low cycle fatigue
58
Outline Drive train systems
Reduce speed Increase torque Provide drive for accessories
59
Safety devices for rotary drive train
Sprag clutch/decoupling device | Rotor brake
60
Outline stuff on accessory gearbox
``` Starter motor Fuel pump Oil pump Fcu Generators Tachometer geny ```
61
Function of accessory gearbox
Provide mounting faces and means of drive for components that: Start Sustain Monitor
62
Outline turbo jet noise supressors
Corrugated internal mixer Lobe type nozzle Changea exhaust pattern to reduce noise level
63
Noise come from in turbo fan
Fan itself. Turbojets have noise from exhaust
64
Define modular engine maintenance
Assy that is fully interchangeable and readily replaceable, without additional balancing or adjustment
65
Types of alignment in relation to modular
``` Curriculum coupling Splined drive Serrated drive Keys & keyway Offset bolt holes Dowels Witness marks ```
66
3 reasons for post maintenance activites
Prevent corrosion Control deterioration Eliminate physical damage
67
5 things for acceptance check
``` Confirmation of basic mod state Conformity of original order Life remaining Correct form fit and function Inspect for damage ```
68
Purpose of fuel system
To supply a precise amount of clean, vapor free fuel to the combustion section of the engine At correct pressure and temp for atomization and vaporization
69
8 fuel system components
``` Lp pump Fuel cooling oil cooling Fuel heater (bleed air) Lp filter Hp pump Hp filter Fcu PnD valve ```
70
3 types of fuel metering
Hydromechanical Hydropneumatic Electronic (FADEC)
71
Hydromechanical FCU does
Fuel metering | Computing
72
Fcu parameters
Power lever position Engine speed Compressor inlet temp and pressure Bruenr discharge pressur
73
2 types of fuel nozzle
Atomizer | Vaporizer
74
2 types of atomizer nozzle
Simplex (single flow) | Duplex(double flow)
75
Vaporizer nozzle does
Mix air and fuel. The heated air vaporises fuel
76
Prevention of icing
Hot air Electrical heating Hot oil
77
Types of starters [5]
``` Air impingement Air starter Gas turbine starter Cartridge Electric ```
78
Lethal warnings with starting
Heiu contain lethal charge and must be dissipated before maintenance Read and comply with SS&Rps

GTE (5 decks)

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