Everything To Do With Cells

Question 1

Organelle

Answer 1

Structures inside of a cell

Question 2

Cytology

Answer 2

The study of a cell

Question 3

Cell Membrane

Answer 3

Selectively Permeable surrounding of a cell

Question 4

Cytosol

Answer 4

The fluid within a cell

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

The internal structure of a cell

Cytosol and Organelles

Question 6

Intracellular Fluid

Answer 6

Same as Cytosol

Question 7

Extra cellular Fluid

Answer 7

Found outside of the cell

Question 8

Interstitial Fluid

Answer 8

Between the cells

Question 9

Plasma

Answer 9

Liquid portion of blood

Question 10

What is the cell membrane composed of?

Answer 10

Lipids, proteins and carbohydrates

Question 11

Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 11

Changing form of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates of cell structure

Question 12

Non-Polar also known as:

Answer 12

Lipid-soluble

Question 13

Diffusion

Answer 13

The random movement of dissolved substances along its concentration gradient

Question 14

Polar is also known as:

Answer 14

Water Soluble

Question 15

True or false:

Polar substances such as charged ions cannot cross the phospholipid bolster

Answer 15

True!

They must travel through channels in the membrane proteins

Question 16

True or false:

Non-polar substances can move across the phospholipid bilayer by a process called diffusion

Answer 16

True! Diffusion is the random movement of substances along their concentration gradient

Question 17

Selectively Permeable

Answer 17

Only some stuff can get through the cell membrane! This allows the intracellular fluid to differ from the extra cellular fluid

Question 18

The nucleus is the site of:

Answer 18

Chromatin, Cell Division (chromatin to chromosomes)

Question 19

Nucleoli is the part of the nucleus that forms:

Answer 19

Ribosomes!

Question 20

Ribosomes are the site of:

Answer 20

Protein synthesis! The formation of proteins using genetic information found in DNA

Question 21

Protein Synthesis in the Rough ER

Answer 21

Process by which DNA is broken down to a single strand of mRNA through transcription (so it can move through pores) And then translated to the language of proteins!

Question 22

Endoplasmic Reticulum:

Answer 22

Flattened Sacs made of lipid bilayers

Question 23

Rough ER:

Answer 23

Ribosomes attach and it makes proteins!

Question 24

Smooth ER:

Answer 24

Ribosomes absent! Makes lipids, membranes, detoxifying substances or more substances!

Question 25

Which organ contains many smooth ER?

Answer 25

Liver!

Question 26

Golgi Apparatus:

Answer 26

Collect, Package, Deliver

Question 27

Mitochondria:

Answer 27

Site of aerobic cellular respiration!

Question 28

Cellular Respiration

Answer 28

Cells generate energy in the form of ATP

Question 29

Where does ATP come from?

Answer 29

The breakdown of glucose!

Question 30

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 30

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 31

Cytoskeleton

Answer 31

Complex arrangement of filamentous proteins

Question 32

What is the cytoskeleton involved in?

Answer 32

Cell shape and internal movement

Question 33

Give an example of a cytoskeleton protein:

Answer 33

Microtubule

Question 34

Centriole

Answer 34

Paired, barrel-shaped organelles composed of microtubules

Question 35

What is the function of Centriole?

Answer 35

Formation of Cilia and Flagella

Question 36

Two centrioles are involved in the assembly of microtubules to form a __________

Answer 36

Spindle Apparatus

Question 37

What is the purpose of a Spindle Apparatus?

Answer 37

Movement of chromosomes during cell division

Question 38

Flagella and Cilia

Answer 38

Composed of microtubules and are anchored to the cell

Question 39

Flagella

Answer 39

Sperm Cell Tail

Question 40

Cilia

Answer 40

Can be found in the apical surface of epithelial cells--lining the respiratory tract

Question 41

What is the function of Cilia?

Answer 41

Sweep mucus trapped particles away from the lungs

Question 42

What is Cell Division?

Answer 42

Cells divide to produce more cells

Question 43

What is Mitosis?

Answer 43

One cell divides into two identical daughter cells with the exact same DNA and number of chromosomes

Question 44

Where in the body does mitosis occur?

Answer 44

Stem Cells; important for growth of bones in children, hair and tissue repair

Question 45

What is meiosis?

Answer 45

FUSION of gametes to restore number of chromosomes

Question 46

Where does Meiosis occur?

Answer 46

ONLY IN THE GONADS!

Question 47

What is Cellular Respiration ?

Answer 47

Process of converting food energy to usable form for cellular activities

Question 48

What type of cellular activities does cellular Respiration promote?

Answer 48

Transport, growth and chemical reactions

Question 49

What are the two types of Cellular Respiration?

Answer 49

1. ) Aerobic Cellular Respiration | 2. ) Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

Question 50

What is Anaerobic Cellular Respiration?

Answer 50

2 molecules of ATP produced per glucose (inefficient)

Question 51

What is Aerobic Cellular Respiration?

Answer 51

Oxygen Requiring: Produces 36 molecules of ATP per glucose