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Anthropology 202 > Evolution > Flashcards

Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

What is evolution?

A

The change in frequency of genetics in a population from generation to generation

(Note: evolution can not happen to an individual)

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2
Q

Who is credited with the theory of evolution?

A

Charles Darwin

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3
Q

Who came up with the theory of evolution around the same time as Darwin?

A

Alfred Wallace

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4
Q

When did evolutionary thought first emerge? (Age of discovery)

A

Western Europe in the 19th century

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5
Q

What is Fixity of Species?

A

Once a species is created, it can never change.

incorrect

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6
Q

Who came up with the 6,000 year old earth hypothesis?

A

Archbishop James Ussher

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7
Q

When was the Scientific Revolution?

A

When Europeans discovered the new world and were exposed to new plant and animal species.

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8
Q

What is Speciation?

A

When a species evolves into a new species as a result of evolution. Evolution doesn’t always cause Speciation.

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9
Q

What is Uniformitarianism?

A

Everything observable in the present-day (Geologically) is the same way it was in the past. (ie. earthquakes, floods, the creation of islands)

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10
Q

Who came up with Uniformitarianism?

A

Charles Lyell

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11
Q

Who came up with the genus and species concepts?

A

Jhon Ray

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12
Q

Who created the classification system based on the genus and species concept?

A

Carolus Linnaus

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13
Q

Who was the first to introduce the idea of extinction?

A

George Cavier

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14
Q

What is Catastrophism?

A

Changes in the earths crust leading to physical forces not seen today.

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15
Q

Who came up with the theory of acquired inheritance?

A

Lamarck (Jean-Baptiste Lamarck)

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16
Q

Who was Darwin’s greatest influence on his theory of natural selection?

A

Thomas Malthas

17
Q

Who is Thomas Malthas?

A

The population is held in check by the availability of resources.

He wrote an essay on the principle of population which presented the idea that populations grow exponentially while resources grow arithmetically.

18
Q

What major event lead to Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection

A

His voyage on the HMS Beagle as the ship’s Naturalist where he would discover how different species were from island to island on the Galapagos Islands.

19
Q

What is Natural Selection?

A

“Survival of the fittest.”

the process by which organisms with preferable features survive to reproduce while those without those features die off over time.

20
Q

What is Genetics?

A

The study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next.

Anthropology 202 (1 decks)

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