Evolution, Natural Selection, Genetics

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Is a long thing molecule made up of nucleotides

Question 2

Chromosomes

Answer 2

Tiny structures inside cells made from DNA and protein. Chromosomes describe what colour eyes, boy or girl and how tall you are

Question 3

Genes

Answer 3

A unit of DNA that’s located on a chromosome and that controls the development of one or more traits and is the basic unit

Question 4

Genetics

Answer 4

Features pass from parents to their offspring. The young resemble their parents

Question 5

Heribilaty

Answer 5

Is the proportion of this total variation between individuals in a given population due to genetic variation

Question 6

Sexual reproduction

Answer 6

A mode of reproduction involving the fusion of female gamete (ovum) and male gamete (spermatozoon), which forms a zygote that potentially develops into an offspring genetically distinct from the parent organisms.

Question 7

Asexual reproduction

Answer 7

Offspring arise from a single organism and inherit the genes of that parent only

Question 8

Zygote

Answer 8

Cell that is formed when a female reproductive cell and a male reproductive cell join

Question 9

Dominant

Answer 9

Something that they only do some times (just in pre-arranged scenes-often, but not always involving sex)

Question 10

Recessive

Answer 10

Characteristics controlled by genes which are expressed in offspring only she inherited from both parents

Question 11

Multicellular

Answer 11

(part of an organism) having or consisting of many cells

Question 12

Unicellular

Answer 12

Having or consisting of a single cell

Question 13

Clone

Answer 13

An organism or cell produced asexually fro, one ancestor or stoc, to which they’re genetically identical

Question 14

Fertilization

Answer 14

Process in sexual reproduction that involved the union of male (sperm) and female (ovum) gametes to produce a diploid zygote

Question 15

Runners

Answer 15

Stems which grow at the soil surface or just below ground that form adventitious roots at the nodes, and new plants from the buds

Question 16

Variation

Answer 16

Organisms of any species caused either by genetic difference or by the effect of environmental factors on the expressions of the genetic potentials

Question 17

Seeds

Answer 17

Am encapsulated plant embryo, a fertilised ovule of a plant

Question 18

Foetus

Answer 18

The developing young post-embryonic stage up to the moment of birth

Question 19

Mutation

Answer 19

Occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to aller genetic message carried by that gene

Question 20

Homozygous

Answer 20

When a cell has two identical copies of a gene. An example would be when a cell containing blue eyes genes from both parents

Question 21

Heterozygous

Answer 21

It refers to a pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive - they’re different

Question 22

Allele

Answer 22

Specific pattern in a gene is called an allele. For example, the gene would determine the hair colour. The specific pattern of the hair colour gene that causes the hair to be black would be the allele

Question 23

Carrier

Answer 23

Is a person or other organism that has inherited a recessive allele for a genetic trait or mutation but doesn’t display that trait or show symptoms of the disease

Question 24

Competition

Answer 24

An interaction between organisms or species in which both of the organisms or species are harmed

Question 25

Interdependence

Answer 25

Mutual dependence between things. There is a great deal of interdependence between plants and animals

Question 26

Ecology

Answer 26

Is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment

Question 27

Ecosystem

Answer 27

Is made up of plants, animals, soil, rocks, minerals, water sources and the local system interacting with one another

Question 28

Habitat

Answer 28

Place where an organism or a biological population normally lives or occurs

Question 29

Predator

Answer 29

Organism that hunts and kills other organisms

Question 30

Prey

Answer 30

Interaction where a predator feeds on their prey

Question 31

Energy flow

Answer 31

Flow of energy through a biological food chain

Question 32

Food chain

Answer 32

A series of organisms each dependant on the next as a source of food

Question 33

Food web

Answer 33

A system of interlocking and interdependent food chains

Question 34

Herbivore

Answer 34

An animal that feeds on plants

Question 35

Carnivore

Answer 35

Animal that feeds on other plants

Question 36

Omnivore

Answer 36

An animal or person that eats a variety of food of both plants and animal origin

Question 37

Consumer

Answer 37

Organism that generally obtains food by feeding on other organisms or organic matter due to lack of the ability to manufacture own food from inorganic sources. E.G bears

Question 38

Producer

Answer 38

An autotrophic organism capable of producing complex organic compounds from simple inorganic molecules through the process of photosynthesis. E.G-trees

Question 39

Population

Answer 39

A group of organisms of the same species living in the same habitat E.G-a population of frogs might live along a stretch of river

Question 40

Biome

Answer 40

An ecosystem that extends over a very large area

Question 41

Symbiosis

Answer 41

Is a relationship between organisms of the different species where at least one benefits

Question 42

Niche

Answer 42

Is the role of an organism within a habitat

Question 43

Distribution

Answer 43

Records areas within a habitat where a species is found

Question 44

Abundance

Answer 44

Refers to the size of a population of a species

Question 45

Frequency

Answer 45

Is the percentage chance of a species being present in a randomly chosen standard quadrant

Question 46

Quantitative survey

Answer 46

Collects numerical data about the species in the habitat