Evolution of Hominins

Question 1

Evolutionary Tree

Answer 1

represents a working hypothesis of evolutionary history based on the characteristics of each group of organisms

Question 2

Hominids

Answer 2

humans, chimps, gorillas, and oranguatans

Question 3

Hominins

Answer 3

humans and other now extinct human-like species

Question 4

Characteristics of Hominins

Answer 4

• bipedal posture: walking on 2 feet
• flatter face and shorter jaw
• smaller and less specialized teeth
• modern human brain size : 1360 cc ; chimp: 400 cc

Question 5

Cro-Magnons

Answer 5

the oldest fossils to be designated Homo Sapiens, named for the location they were found in France

Question 6

Did H. Sapiens and H. Neanderthalensis initially interbreed?

Answer 6

No, they only started to interbreed about 40,000 years ago

Question 7

Are humans widely distributed across the world?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Ethnicities

Answer 8

Obvious variations between human populations

Question 9

Darker Skin Tone Advantage

Answer 9

protective against UV radiation in areas that get a lot of sun

Question 10

Lighter Skin Tone Advantage

Answer 10

ensures vitamin D production when UV radiation is lower

Question 11

Bergman’s Rule

Answer 11

animals in colder regions have bulkier bodies

Question 12

Allen’s Rule

Answer 12

animals in colder regions have shorter limbs, digits, and ears

Question 13

Which differences between human ethnicity may be due to genetic drift and not environmental adaptation?

Answer 13

hair texture
eye shape
lip shape

Question 14

Intelligence is ________

Answer 14

adaptive in all environments

Question 15

Genetic variation _______ ethnicities has been noted to be significantly less that ______ ethnicities.

Answer 15

between; within