Evolution Study Flashcards
(19 cards)
Describe the process of convergent evolution
Different species evolve similar traits
Example of convergent evolution
Ant eater, pangoiln, and echidna
Describe the process of divergent evolution
a species living in an area get separated due to enviormnetal barriers and the isolated specices evolve independently to adapt to the environment
Example of divergent evolution
Red fox and kit fox
Describe the process of adaptive radiation
type of divergent evolution, animal diversity to exploit available habitat niches
Example of adaptive radiation
Tenrec, Africa’s first mammal
“fitness is measured in grandchildren”
passing of traits from parent to offspring; Measure of how well an organism can survive and produce offspring.
If someone had a traits different from their parent, would they have more or less fitness
Less because fitness is measured by how much heredity contribution the next generation has
Fly embryos different from frog embryos more than frog embryos different from ape embryos, what does this imply about how these groups may be related
frogs and apes are more closely related than flies and frogs are
would scientist use homologous strutures or analogous features more?
homologous strutures because they want to compare their anatomy rather than their adaptions to the enviornment
what are acquired traits
trait you’re not born with but adapt to over time: basketball, music
Who included acquired traits and why did they not directly relate it to the process of evolution
John Baptist Lamark: acquired traits cannot be passed down to their offspring
do long living, less offspring species have more or less chance of being extinct than short lived species with more offspring if there was an eniornmental change
more likely to become extint because they aren’t able to pass on the adapted traits to their offspring
two species that are coevolving, how does each species influences the evolution of the other species
humming birds and plants: it helps the repcices reprodcing by helping it with the resources it needs to survivie
artificial selection and domestic dogs
humans choose the next generation of a domestic dogs by breeding purebreds or muts
Darwins 4 points
- overproduction: to many babies
- Variation: several different specices of one type of animal
- struggle to survive: “survival of the fittest”
- Differential reproduction: individuals with the best traits survive and pass traits to offspring
Darwin v. Lamark and giraffe necks
Darwin thought the ones with the smaller necks died off because they were weaker.
Lamark thought they stretched their necks to adapt to eating leaves off trees
observations of Darwin’s journey that provided evidence of evolution
overproduction leads to struggle to survive
variation among the individuals in a population
Conclude on his theroy of Natural Selection
what is biogeography
the study of the distribution of plants, animals, and other types of life
the finches because they were on diffrent islands and evolved due to how they adapted
