Ew

Question 0

Explanatory variable

Answer 0

The cause of an experiment

Ex: vision

Question 1

Census

Answer 1

Taking a poll of the entire population

Question 2

Response variable

Answer 2

The effect of an experiment

Ex: a students grade

Question 3

Confounded variable

Answer 3

An alternate explanatory variable

Ex: studying

Question 4

Control group

Answer 4

The group that gets the placebo to compare to the other group

Question 5

Factor

Answer 5

The explanatory variables in an experiment

Ex: diet, exercise, genetics

Question 6

Levels

Answer 6

Different values of the exercise

Ex: 2000 calories, 4000 calories

Question 7

Treatment

Answer 7

All combinations of the levels of the factors

Question 8

Block design

Answer 8

Separate the individuals in similar blocks but each block is different

Question 9

Voluntary response bias

Answer 9

People choose to respond to a survey

Question 10

Convenience sampling

Answer 10

Choose individuals easiest to reach

Question 11

Undercoverage

Answer 11

When some groups in the population are left out in the process of choosing a sample

Question 12

Nonresponse bias

Answer 12

When an individual chosen for the sample cannot be contacted or refuses to cooperate

Question 13

Response bias

Answer 13

Behavior of the respondent or interviewer that results in no truthful answers

Question 14

Stratified random sample

Answer 14

Divide the population into groups of similar individuals, then choose an Drs of each group and combine them

Question 15

Simple random sample(srs)

Answer 15

Every set of individuals has the same chance of being selected

Question 16

Systematic sample

Answer 16

Choose every nth person from the population

Question 17

Size bias

Answer 17

Dart on a map, it’s more likely to hit the larger states

Question 18

Double blind experiment

Answer 18

The subjects nor the administrators of the treatment know what they are receiving

Question 19

Observational study

Answer 19

Does not disturb what you are examining

Question 20

Experiment

Answer 20

Treatment imposed, cause and effect

Question 21

What good experiments do

Answer 21

• incorporate control to see the impact of the explanatory variable
• incorporate randomization to reduce bias
• incorporate replication to avoid the chance of variance

Question 22

Degrees of freedom

Answer 22

N-1

Question 23

Quantities variables

Answer 23

Numbers

Question 24

Categorical variables

Answer 24

Words (use pie and bar graphs)

Question 25

Interpreting r

Answer 25

There is a fairly strong positive relationship between x and y

Question 26

Bimodal(approximately)

Answer 26

Two high bars

Question 27

Interpret slope

Answer 27

On average, y increases by b for every increase in 1x

Question 28

Interpret y-intercept

Answer 28

When x=0 y is predicted to equal ____

Question 29

Linear model equation

Answer 29

Ÿ=a+bx

Question 30

Exponential equation

Answer 30

Log ÿ= a+bx

Question 31

Power model equation

Answer 31

Log ÿ=a+b(log x) or | Ÿ=10^a • x^b

Question 32

Sample space

Answer 32

All possible outcomes

Question 33

Binomial distributions

Answer 33

- each part has the same probability - they are all independent from each other - only 2 outcomes, success or failure - fixed # of observations

Question 34

R^2

Answer 34

The fraction of the variation in values of y that is explained by the least squares regression

Question 35

Extrapolation

Answer 35

When LRSL is used to make a prediction outside of the domain of x

Question 36

Common response

Answer 36

A change in z cause a Change in x and y

Question 37

Causation

Answer 37

Cause and effect, x effects y

Question 38

Confounding

Answer 38

X and z influence y

Question 39

Simpson's paradox

Answer 39

The reversal in trends when data from several groups is combined to form a single group

Question 40

Gamblers fallacy

Answer 40

The belief that if something happens more frequently than normal it will happen less in the future

Question 41

Fair game

Answer 41

The outcome equals the money put in

Question 42

Law of large #s

Answer 42

As the # of observations increases the sample mean gets closer to the population mean

Question 43

Multiplication principle

Answer 43

If task 1 can be done in a ways, and task 2 can be done in b ways, then both tasks can be done in a•b ways

Question 44

Mode

Answer 44

that occurs most often

Question 45

Central limit theorem

Answer 45

When n is large the sampling distribution of x is approximately normal

Question 46

Parameter

Answer 46

Population

Question 47

Statistic

Answer 47

Sample

Question 48

Unbias

Answer 48

Centralized around the true mean