Exam 1 Flashcards

(50 cards)

1
Q

What are basic therapeutic attitudes?

A

curiosity, respect, compassion, devotion, integrity, willingness to admit mistakes and limitations

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2
Q

A strikingly cyclical effort to ____ speech has contributed to widespread misunderstanding of the psychoanalytic tradition.

A

sanitize.

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3
Q

Paradoxically, another burden to the reputation of psychoanalysis has been its ____

A

appeal

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4
Q

Nearly everything one can say about individual character patterns and meanings, is ___

A

disputable

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5
Q

Many scholars prefer to place psychoanalysis within the hermeneutic rather than the ___ tradition.

A

scientific

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6
Q

The author emphasizes how pale are even our most elegant and satisfying formulations next to the ___ that is human nature.

A

mystery

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7
Q

The author offers ___ interrelated advantages of the diagnostic enterprise when pursued sensitively and with adequate training.

A

5 [(1) its usefulness for treatment planning,
(2) its implications for prognosis, (3) its contribution to protecting consumers of mental
health services, (4) its value in enabling the therapist to convey empathy, and (5) its role
in reducing the probability that certain easily frightened people will flee from treatment.
]

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8
Q

According to the author, the DSM lacks an implicit definition of ___ or emotional wellness. (p.9)

A

mental health

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9
Q

The validity and reliability of the post-1980 ___ have been disappointing

A

DSMs

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10
Q

Although the DSM system is often called a “___ model” of psychopathology, no physician would equate the remission of symptoms with the cure of disease.

A

medical

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11
Q

Many of the decisions about what to include in post-1980 DSMs, and where to include it, seem in retrospect to have been arbitrary, inconsistent, and influenced by ___ companies.

A

contributors’ ties to pharmaceutical

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12
Q

From DSM III on, a criterion for inclusion has been that there has to be ___ data on a given disorder.

A

research

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13
Q

The author expresses the concern that categorical diagnosis may contribute to a form of self-___

A

estrangement

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14
Q

___ planning is the traditional rationale for diagnoses.

A

Treatment

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15
Q

The most common prescription for personality disorders is still long-term ___.

A

therapy

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16
Q

A main theme of this book is the futility of making a ___ based on the manifest problem alone.

A

diagnosis

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17
Q

A strength of the psychoanalytic tradition is its appreciation of the differences between a stress-related symptom and a problem inhering in ___.

A

personality

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18
Q

Conscientious diagnostic practices encourage ethical communication between practitioners and their potential clients, a kind of “truth in ___.”

A

advertising

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19
Q

For the author, ___ is “the capacity to feel emotionally something like what the other person is feeling.”

A

empathy

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20
Q

A positive side effect of diagnosis its role in maintaining the therapist’s ___

A

self-esteem

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21
Q

Classical psychoanalytic theory approached personality in two different ways, ___ theory and ego psychology

A

Freud’s drive theory

22
Q

Ego psychology asks, “What are this person’s typical ways of avoiding ___?”

23
Q

The author refers to herself temperamentally more as a ___.

24
Q

Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual model progressed from ___ to anal to phallic to latency to genital concerns.

25
Erik ___ reformulated the psychosexual states extended the idea of developmental stages throughout the lifespan and across ___.
son, culture
26
Harry Stack Sullivan offered another stage theory that stressed ___ achievements.
communicative
27
Margaret Mahler worked on subphases of the ___-individuation process.
separation
28
Melanie Klein wrote about the infant's shift from the "paranoid-schizoid position" to the "___ position".
depressive
29
Peter Fonagy offered a model of the development of a mature sense of self and reality characterized by a capacity to ___ the motives of others.
mentalize
30
Freud's ___ model consisted of the id, ego, and superego
structural
31
The id operates according to the ___ principle.
pleasure
32
The id is entirely ___.
unconscious
33
The Freudian ego operates according to the ___ principle.
reality
34
The ___ ego is the part of the patient's self that is conscious and rational and can comment on emotional experience.
observing
35
The basic role of the ego in perceiving and adapting to reality is the source of the phrase ___.
ego strength
36
Another value of the ego psychology movement was the conclusion that psychological health involves not only having mature defenses but also being able to use a ___ of defenses.
variety
37
Freud coined the term superego for the part of the self that oversees things, especially from a ___ perspective.
moral
38
A primary function of the ego is to defend the self against ___ arising from either powerful instinctual strivings (the id), upsetting reality experiences (the ego), or guilt feelings and associated fantasies (the superego).
anxiety
39
People with an object relations orientation put their emphasis on what the main love objects in the child's world had been like... and how internal images and representations of them live on in the ___ lives of adults.
unconscious
40
___ psychoanalysts in the United States differed from British and Hungarian object relation theorists by putting less stress on the stubbornly persisting unconscious images of early objects and aspects of objects
Interpersonal
41
___ are those internalized others who had influenced the child and lived on in the adult, and from whom the client had not yet achieved a satisfactory psychological separation.
introjects
42
The transformation of ___ from obstacle to asset is one of the most critical contributions of object relations theory.
countertransference
43
Heinz Kohut formulated a new theory of the ___.
self
44
The author refers to the "___" in which the inevitably intersubjective nature (analyst and analysand) of the clinical situation has been emphasized.
relational turn
45
Relational psychoanalysts have been more interested in therapeutic ___ than in hypothesized structures such as ___.
process, character
46
Relational analysts opened the door to appreciating the personality contributions of the ___ as well as the patient in the understanding of what is going on between them in therapy.
therapist
47
Much relational thinking has returned to the early Freudian focus on trauma, but with an emphasis on ___ rather than repressive processes.
dissociative
48
Perhaps the most important contributions of analysts in the relational movement are ways of thinking about ___ that imply more fluidity and unfinishedness than traditional theory assumed.
self-experience
49
For the relational movement, ___ and the collaborative construction of experience are foundational assumptions.
impermanence
50
Analytic theories emphasize themes and dynamism, not ___.
traits.