exam 1

Question 1

why should you never touch a pt untill a visual acuity is documented?

Answer 1

need to establish a base line, (unless a toxin is in the eye, then irrigate emdiatly.

Question 2

VVEEPP

Answer 2

visual acuity
visual fields
external exam
extra-ocular movements
pupillary exam(PERRLA)
pressure

Question 3

what measures eye pressure?

Answer 3

tono- pen

Question 4

what tool would you use to view the anterior segment of the eye?

Answer 4

slit lamp

Question 5

Fundoscopic exams look at what part of the eye?

Answer 5

posterior segment

Question 6

fluorescein staining and wood lamps are used when?

Answer 6

foreign body and corneal exam

Question 7

anterior segment of the eye includes what?

Answer 7

from 1/3 of eye, structures infront of viterous humor: cornea, iris, ciliary body and lens

Question 8

posterior segment of the eye includes what?

Answer 8

back 2/3 of eye

vitreous humor, retina, choroid and optic nerve

Question 9

what is functional loss of vision?

Answer 9

no organic cause for pt loss, “iin your head”

Question 10

fractures in the medial wall effect what muscle and cast what gaze?

Answer 10

medial rectus muscle, lateral gaze

Question 11

fractures of the orbital floor effect what muscle and cast what gaze?

Answer 11

inferior rectus muscle, upward gaze

Question 12

tears come from what gland?

Answer 12

lactimal gland, watery portion of tear

Question 13

tears drain into?

Answer 13

upper puncta and lower puncta. then into canaliculus

Question 14

anterior segment of the eye includes?

Answer 14

conjunctiva
cornea
anterior chamber
iris
posterior chamber
lens
ciliary body

Question 15

posterior segment of the eye includes?

Answer 15

vitreous humor
retina
optic nerve
macula

Question 16

periorbital structures

Answer 16

lids
lashes
canalicular system
EOM

Question 17

one you lose vitreous ____ its gone

Answer 17

humor

Question 18

sclera

Answer 18

white of eye, fibrous outer layer covers all of the eyball except part covered by cornea. all 6 EOM attach to sclera

Question 19

the SO attaches to ?

Answer 19

sphenoid

Question 20

IO attached at ___,___lateral surface of scleral and ____ and ____

Answer 20

posterior and inferior

elevates and abducts

Question 21

SO attached to _____ medial surface of sclera. has a ___ it depresses and ____

Answer 21

superior, pully, abducts(walking down the stairs)

Question 22

Iris

Answer 22

eye color, controls diameter and size of pupil and amount of light reaching the retina

Question 23

pupil

Answer 23

dilates and constricts to allow light

Question 24

name of the dilator muscle in pupil?

Answer 24

diolater pupaliae SNS

Question 25

name of the constricter muscle?

Answer 25

sphincter pupilae PSNS

Question 26

cornea

Answer 26

transparent portion over iris and pupil, helps transfer and focus light on retina

Question 27

Corneal refex arch

Answer 27

sensory bibers are carried with CN5, lands at CN5 nucei then crosses over to CN7 PSNS allow you to blink

Question 28

aqueous humor

Answer 28

flows through the pupil and fills the anterior chamber, produced by ciliary body via diffusion and active transport of plasma, reabsorbed by trabeculae in canal of schlemm

Question 29

vitreous chamber

Answer 29

also called the posterior segment of the eye. space between the lens and retina, filled with clear gelatinous material

Question 30

retina

Answer 30

thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye and contains photorecetors and blood vessels

Question 31

cones

Answer 31

responsible for, sharp, detailed cental vision and colored vision

Question 32

rods

Answer 32

night and peripheral vision

Question 33

do we have more cones or rods?

Answer 33

rods

Question 34

Macula

Answer 34

oval shaped yellowish area near center of retina, contains millions of photoreceptors(cones), most sensitive part of retina

Question 35

choroid

Answer 35

thin vascular layer between retina and sclera

Question 36

optic disk

Answer 36

optic nerve fibers/ blood vessels leave the eyeball

Question 37

fovea

Answer 37

center of macula, thin rod free portion of the retina where cones are densly packed

Question 38

what is the cup to disk ration?

Answer 38

should not exceed 0.5 or 1:2