Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

SGU FTM 1 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Zonula Occludens

A

Occludins, claudins

Actin filaments

tight junctions

Cell signaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Zonula Adherens

A

E-cadherin

Actin filaments

Adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Macula Aderens (desmosomes)

A

Cadherins

Intermediate filaments

Adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gap Junction

A

Connexin

Communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Focal Adhesion

A

Integrins

Actin Filaments

Anchors actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hemidesmosome

A

Integrins

Intermediate filaments

Anchors intermediate filaments

Bullous pemphigoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Exocrine Apocrine

A

lactating mammary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Exocrine holocrine

A

sebaceous glands of skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Endocrine

A

secrete hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Simple Squamous

A

lining of respiratory spaces of the lung
Mesoderm: lines body cavities
Endothelium: lining of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A

Kidney tubules
Small ducts
Pancreatic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Simple Columnar

A

Stomach
Gallbladder
Uterine tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pseudostratified

A

Trachea
Epididymis
Ductus deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stratified Squamous

A

Esophagus
Vagina
Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stratified Cuboidal

A

Sweat glands
Large ducts
Anorectal junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transitional

A

Urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

RNA Poly 1 (eukaryotes)

A

rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

RNA Poly 2 (eukaryotes)

A

mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

RNA Poly 3 (eukaryotes)

A

tRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

TFIID

A

TATA box

distortion and recruitment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

TFIIB

A

Recognize start site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

TFIIH

A

Helicase and activates RNA Poly, phosphorylates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

TFIIE

A

Position RNA Poly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthase

A

correctly matches mRNA with tRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Peptidyl Transferase
creates peptide bond between AA
26
Mesoderm-Paraxial
Bone, muscle, skin
27
Mesoderm- Intermediate
Urogenital
28
Mesoderm-lateral
heart, spleen, adrenals
29
Ectoderm
Epidermis, nails, sensory cells of the ear
30
Ectoderm-Neuroectoderm
``` Neural tube CNS Pineal body Post. pituitary Retina ``` Neural crest cells PNS
31
Endoderm
Epithelial lining
32
Epiblast
forms germ layers
33
Hypoblast
yolk sac
34
HCG
Syncytiotrophoblast
35
G1
pRB p53 most time
36
Non-disjunction
Anaphase
37
Mitosis
2 diploid daughter cells, 23 chromosomes
38
Prophase I
Crossover | Primary Oocytes arrest
39
Telophase I/ Cytokinesis
Reduction divison
40
Metaphase II
Oocytes arrest until fertilization
41
Meiosis
4 haploid daughter cells Mother: 1 ovum, 3 polar bodies, 23X
42
SNP
Single base pair change | Ex. 23 & me
43
SSR
simple repeat 1,3,4
44
VNTR
longer repeat, 5, 10, 100
45
LCR
low copy repeat, 1000-->100,000
46
Metacentric
middle
47
Submetacentric
above middle
48
Acromatacentric
Top
49
Hsp 70
prevents premature protein folding +ATP
50
Hsp 60
aid in correct folding +ATP
51
Branched AA
Val, leu, ile
52
Aromatic
Phe, Trp, Tyr
53
Sulfur containing
Met, Cys
54
Phosphorylated/ glycosylated
Serine and Threonine
55
GABA
decarboxylation of glutamate
56
Histamine
decarboxylation of histidine
57
Serotonin
Tryptophan
58
Catecholamines
Dopamine, norepi, epi | Tyrosine
59
Carcinoma
epithelial tissue
60
Sarcoma
connective tissue, bones
61
PM blebbing
Apoptosis
62
Cell swelling
Necrosis
63
Cell shrinking
Apoptosis
64
Inflammation
Necrosis
65
Cell contents released
Necrosis
66
Pro-apoptotic
Bid Bax Bak
67
Anti-apoptotic
Bcl-2 | Bcl-xL
68
Annexin 5
phosphatidylserine
69
Tunel
developing digits --> blebbing
70
Intrinsic
``` Bax Release cytochrome C from mitochondria Apaf-1 Cyctochrome C Procaspase 9 Caspase 9 ```
71
Extrinsic
``` Fas ligand FADD TRADD DISC: death inducing signaling complex Activation of initiator: Caspase 2,8,9,10 Activation of effect: Caspase 3,6,7 ```
72
Heart disease | MI
Increased: CK, CK-MB, Tnl & TnT, myoglobin
73
Muscular Diseases - Rhabdomyolysis - Dystrophy
Increased: CK-MM | And less than 3% CK-MB
74
Liver disease-Viral infection
Higher ALT than AST
75
Liver disease-Alcohol
Higher AST than ALT (2:1), GTT
76
Liver disease-cirrhosis
Increased: ALT, AST, GTT and small amounts of ALP
77
Biliary disease
Increased: ALP & GGT
78
Pancreatic disease
Increased pancreatic lipase
79
Pancreatic disease-gallstones
elevated ALP and GGT
80
Pancreatic disease-alcohol
Lipase/amylase ratio larger than 2
81
Bone disease
only ALP increased
82
Cancer of the prostate
PSA test
83
Cancer of the Liver
Increased alpha-fetoprotein (only for babies)
84
Response to injury
1. ) Cloudy swelling 2. ) Hydropic degeneration 3. ) Fatty change (steatosis)
85
Hypertrophy
Increase size of cells - Cardiac - Skeletal - Uterus
86
Atrophy
Decrease cell size - testes - skeletal muscle - brain
87
Hyperplasia
Increased # of cells - endometrium - prostate - pregnancy
88
Metaplasia
Change in cell differentiation * replaced with different epi - Cervix - Esophagus
89
Dysplasia
Failure of differentiation and maturation * rapid multiplication - cervix - skin
90
Neoplasia
Abnormal mass
91
Carcinoma in situ
Without breach of basement membrane
92
Cell Adaptation order
Metaplasia-->Dysplasia-->Neoplasia-->Carcinoma in situ
93
Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor
G-q - Activates phopholipase C - increases IP3, DAG, Ca3+ - ->PKC
94
Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor
G-i - inhibits adenylate cyclase - decreases cAMP
95
Beta-adrenergic receptor
``` Glucagon G-s -Activates adenylate cyclase -increases cAMP -->PKA: phosphorylates target proteins/enzymes ```
96
Termination signal
Phosphodiesterase hydrolyzes cAMP to AMP
97
Protein Kinase A
PKA-->CREB-->CREB-P-->CRE-->change in expression
98
Smooth muscle relaxation
Guanylate cyclase (activated by NO) G protein not involved GTP-->cGMP

SGU FTM 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions