Exam 1

Question 1

Standing orders are an example of

Answer 1

Offline medical control

Question 2

Activation of the EMS system begins with

Answer 2

Citizen recognition of an emergency situation

Question 3

Warning signs of stress include

Answer 3

Indecisiveness

Question 4

Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD0 sessions

Answer 4

Provide a means for open discussion of feelings, fears, and reactions

Question 5

You are called to the scene of an accident involving a vehicle carrying hazardous material. You should

Answer 5

Use binoculars to identify hazards at the scene before approaching

Question 6

CISD sessions are usually held within ___ of a major incident

Answer 6

24 to 72 hours

Question 7

Deviation from the accepted standard of care resulting in injury to the patient is called

Answer 7

Negligence

Question 8

You are called to the parking lot of a local shopping mall for an “ill” woman. You arrive to find a 70yr old woman slumped over. Her daughter states she is diabetic and has gradually become more confused since this morning. You will begin treatment using which form of consent

Answer 8

Implied consent

Question 9

You are called to the home of an 80 year old frequent flier who just wants someone to talk to. You and your partner decide not to respond. Your action may be considered:

Answer 9

Breach of duty

Question 10

Which of the following must be proven in a successful negligence case?

Answer 10

Duty to act, breach of duty, damages, and proximate cause

Question 11

In most states, which of the following situations must be reported to local police

Answer 11

A 21 year old man who has suffered a self inflicted stab wound to his abdomen

Question 12

You are called to a private home for a 64 year old man complaining of chest pain and difficulty breathing. The patient is awake, alert, and in obvious distress. He says he wants to “die with dignity.” Your best course of action would be

Answer 12

Contact medical control, explain the situation, and request medical direction about how to proceed

Question 13

If a minor’s parents or legal guardian consents to treatment, can the minor refuse care?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

You and your partner are treating a wounded police officer. Upon returning to your station, a local talk show radio host calls and requests information regarding the status of the officer. What is the correct statement regarding this situation?

Answer 14

You may not disclose any patient information unless you have a written release form signed by the patient

Question 15

Can a 17 year old married minor refuse care?

Answer 15

Yes, you must respect the wishes of an emancipated minor.

Question 16

You are an off-duty EMT and happen upon a motor vehicle accident. In most states you

Answer 16

Are not legally obligated to stop but may feel a moral and ethical obligation to provide care

Question 17

If an intoxicated patient refuses care, your best course of action would be

Answer 17

Realize the patient cannot make a rational decision at this time and treat the patient under the principle of implied consent

Question 18

What is a patient’s position called when they are laying face down on the floor

Answer 18

Prone

Question 19

An imaginary line that divides the body into right and left halves from the nose to the umbilicus is called the

Answer 19

Midline

Question 20

The leaf shaped structure that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing is the

Answer 20

Epiglottis

Question 21

The blood vessel that originates in the right ventricle and carries oxygen poor blood to the lungs is the

Answer 21

Pulmonary artery

Question 22

The major artery of the neck that supplies the head and brain with blood is the

Answer 22

Carotid

Question 23

The endocrine system produces chemicals called

Answer 23

Hormones

Question 24

The components of blood consist of

Answer 24

Plasma, red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells

Question 25

The primary muscles of ventilation are the

Answer 25

Diaphragm and intercostal muscles

Question 26

Gas exchange occurs between the capillary walls and

Answer 26

Alveoli

Question 27

Yellow skin is called ___ and indicates ___

Answer 27

jaundice, liver abnormalities

Question 28

A sign is

Answer 28

Something you can see, hear, or feel

Question 29

The first distinct sound heard as the pressure in a blood pressure cuff is released is the

Answer 29

Systolic pressure

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of symptoms?

Answer 30

Chest pain, dizziness, nausea

Question 31

Stridor is

Answer 31

A loud, high pitched sound usually heard on inhalation

Question 32

The term clammy is used to describe skin that is

Answer 32

Cool and moist

Question 33

Abnormally dry skin may indicate

Answer 33

Dehydration

Question 34

Vital signs should be assessed and recorded at least every ___ in a stable patient

Answer 34

15 min (5 min if unstable)

Question 35

You are called to a construction site where a worker has fallen 25 ft. You find the patient unresponsive. Your first course of action should be

Answer 35

Evaluate the patient's airway. (ABC. Airway always first)

Question 36

A blood pressure cuff of proper size should cover

Answer 36

2/3 of the upper arm (humerus)

Question 37

In a healthy adult, the normal resting heart rate is

Answer 37

60-100 BPM

Question 38

When getting a SAMPLE history from a patient, which of the following questions would be most helpful in determining "E."

Answer 38

"What were you doing before this (injury/illness) developed?" E is Events leading to injury or illness

Question 39

The chief complaint is

Answer 39

Why the patient called for help

Question 40

Proper patient lifting technique requires a minimum of

Answer 40

Two people

Question 41

When possible, use a ___ to move a patient down a flight of stairs

Answer 41

Stair chair

Question 42

When using a wheeled stretcher, a patient should be pushed rather than pulled. T or F

Answer 42

True

Question 43

A device that is hinged and opens at the head and feet to fit around and under a patient is called

Answer 43

Scoop stretcher

Question 44

A patient with a suspected spine injury

Answer 44

Should be immobilized on a long backboard

Question 45

A blanket drag is an example of

Answer 45

An emergency move

Question 46

All of the following may require the use of an emergency move except

Answer 46

Unresponsive or incoherent patient

Question 47

The portion of the upper airway found directly posterior to the mouth is called the

Answer 47

Oropharynx

Question 48

You are called for a 75 year old man complaining of shortness of breath. You find the patient leaning forward while sitting in a chair, laboring to breathe. Examination reveals the patient's skin is cool and clammy and obvious shortness of breath. The vital signs are: BP 144/82, P 112. E 22. The wife states her husband has a history of COPD.

Answer 48

A non-rebreather mask

Question 49

Specific facility destination should be based on:

Answer 49

The capabilities of the various system facilities, the specific needs of the patient, and communication with med control.

Question 50

First responder training emphasizes

Answer 50

Initial assessment and basic emergency care. Keep them alive until we get them to a higher skill level of care.

Question 51

The recovery position is also referred to as

Answer 51

Lateral recumbent position

Question 52

A written document specifying a person's healthcare wishes when she or he becomes unable to make decisions for herself or himself is known as

Answer 52

An advanced directive

Question 53

Most airway problems are caused by

Answer 53

The tongue

Question 54

If a patient initially consents to treatment but then refuses to go to the hospital, which of the following is true

Answer 54

A mentally competent adult may withdraw consent at any time

Question 55

When using a nasal cannula, the oxygen flow rate should not exceed

Answer 55

6 liters/minute. NC range is 1 to 6 LPM. As a generic statement a NC is 1 to 6 LPM with a range of 24% to 44% O2

Question 56

Hypoperfusion is a term that refers to

Answer 56

Inadequate circulation of blood through an organ or structure

Question 57

Sensory nerves

Answer 57

Carry information from the body to the brain and spinal cord

Question 58

Hemoglobin

Answer 58

Carries oxygen and is a component of red blood cells

Question 59

Select the correct statement regarding mouth to pocket mask ventilation

Answer 59

The pocket mask should be connected to high flow oxygen at 15 liters/minute

Question 60

Cardiac muscle: 1. is a specialized form of involuntary muscle 2. Is found only in the heart 3. Has the ability to contract on it's own

Answer 60

2&3 only

Question 61

Example of ball and socket joints include the

Answer 61

Shoulder and hip

Question 62

Ventilation with a bag-valve-mask provides less tidal volume than mouth to mask ventilation. T or F

Answer 62

True. Mouth to mask uses the rescuers breath to ventilate. That means two sides of lungs. A BVM volume is much smaller than what the lungs can hold

Question 63

You are called for a 25 year old man who is choking. You find the patient awake and clutching his throat. Your initial assessment reveals the patient is not moving any air and is turning blue. You should

Answer 63

Perform abdominal thrusts until the obstruction is relieved or the patient becomes unresponsive

Question 64

Which of the following correctly reflects the normal pathway of food through the digestive system

Answer 64

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum

Question 65

Why is it important to determine when the patient last ingested solid or liquid food

Answer 65

This information is useful if emergency surgery is required

Question 66

When lifting a patient

Answer 66

Keep your back straight and use your thighs to lift

Question 67

Your patient is a 35 year old unconscious woman with a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per min. While attempting to insert an oropharyngeal airway, the patient begins to gage. Your best course of action will be to remove the OPA and

Answer 67

insert a nasalpharyngeal airway

Question 68

Suctioning the airway of an unresponsive 18 month old, your partner informs you that the patient's heart rate has slowed from 90BPM to 70. You should

Answer 68

Remove the suction catheter and begin positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen

Question 69

The only airway lecture that consists of a complete ring of cartilage is the

Answer 69

Cricoid ring

Question 70

Airway obstruction is common in infants and children because

Answer 70

They have a larger tongue in proportion to the mouth and a narrower trachea than that of an adult

Question 71

The preferred method of initial ventilation of a non breathing patient is

Answer 71

Mouth to mask. Mouth to mask only needs 1 person. BVM with two people ties a person up that can be providing other care

Question 72

To perform a jaw thrust manuever

Answer 72

Kneel behind the casualty’s head, steady and support the head in the neutral position, head, neck and spine are aligned. Place your hands on each side of the face with your fingertips at the angle of the jaw (mandible) Gently lift the jaw to open the airway. Take care not to tilt the neck. The movement of the jaw moves the tongue forward in the mouth opening the airway Do not put fingers in the mouth to assist the jaw thrust.

Question 73

An unresponsive patient without a gag reflex

Answer 73

Is at risk for aspiration of materials into lungs

Question 74

The preferred method for opening an airway of a patient without a suspected cervical spine injury is the

Answer 74

Head tilt chin lift

Question 75

The bag valve mask

Answer 75

Is more effective when used by two experienced rescuers

Question 76

Which of the following is a sign of inadequate artificial ventilation when using a bag valve mask

Answer 76

Presence or worsening of cyanosis

Question 77

If the patient is on the floor or ground, an inline drag can be used to pull a patient to safety. The most common inline drags include

Answer 77

Clothing drag, sheet drag, blanket drag

Question 78

The pressure of the gas in a full oxygen cylinder is approximately

Answer 78

2000 PSI

Question 79

The "coach of the ship" in the healthcare system is

Answer 79

The medical control physician

Question 80

A patient with unusually cold skin may be experiencing

Answer 80

Hyperglycemia, heat exhaustion, exposure to cold

Question 81

Normally a patient's pupils will ___ when exposed to light

Answer 81

Constrict

Question 82

The safe residual pressure of an oxygen cylinder is

Answer 82

200 PSI

Question 83

A nasopharyngeal may be used in a patient with a gag reflex T or F

Answer 83

True

Question 84

A one year old patient is too young to place an OPA device T or F

Answer 84

False. We can even place in newborns

Question 85

The ratio of compressions to ventilation for one man adult CPR is

Answer 85

30:2

Question 86

___ attach a bone to a muscle

Answer 86

Tendons

Question 87

I am the blood component responsible for fighting disease

Answer 87

White blood cells

Question 88

The peripheral nervous system is divided into two sections. They are:

Answer 88

Sensory and motor nerves

Question 89

The acronym we use to determine a patient's present history is

Answer 89

SAMPLE. (Signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, pertinent past history, last oral intake, events leading to injury or illness)

Question 90

The acronym we use to assess pupils?

Answer 90

PEARL. (Pupils equal and reactive to light)

Question 91

Plasma

Answer 91

A fluid that carries the blood cells and nutrients

Question 92

Which of the following terms means "both sides"

Answer 92

Bilateral. (Bi=2. Uni+1. Circum+ around. Trendelenberg means raise the feet.)

Question 93

Any situation that causes unusually strong emotional reactions and interferes with an individual's ability to perform is called

Answer 93

A critical incident

Question 94

The collective set of regulations and ethical considerations governing the EMT is called

Answer 94

Scope of practice

Question 95

All of the following physiologic signs and/or symptoms are evidence of adequate breathing except

Answer 95

Use of accessory neck muscles. The use of accessory neck muscles should clue you in that this patient is not able to breathe normally

Question 96

Based on your assessment of a patient's respiratory status only, which of these patients should have the most serious initial impression?

Answer 96

A 2 year old male breathing 80/minute who has been sick the past two weeks and has a fever