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Interventions > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Importance of correct body mechanics

A

safety, energy conservation, anatomically efficient movement, physiologically efficient movement, injury prevention

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2
Q

Common causes of back problems

A

improper body mechanics, poor posture, microtrauma to back structures, poor flexibility and trauma

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3
Q

deep lift squat

A

full squat, hips below knees, head up, feet straddle the object and vertical trunk with lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

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4
Q

Power lift

A

half squat where hips remain above the knees
feet are parallel to each other behind the object
trunk is more vertical with lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

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5
Q

Straight Leg Lift

A

Knees extended or only slightly flexed
trunk is vertical OR horizontal
lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

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6
Q

One leg stance lift (golfer’s lift)

A

used for light objects that can be lifted with one UE
LEs are positioned in a stride with weight shifted over the front LE
weight bearing LE is partially flexed at the knee while back LE is lifted into extension to counterbalance the flexion of the trunk

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7
Q

Half-Kneeling Lift/Tri-pod lift

A

kneel on one knee
object grasped by UEs
opposite lower extremity assists with raising the body as the person continues to stand

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8
Q

Traditional Lift

A

Lower extremities are in a full squat position, stride position on each side of the object, UE flexor muscles begin to lift followed by lower extremity extensors
normal lumbar lordosis is maintained

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9
Q

Stoop Lift

A

Used when an object can be reached without full squatting
hips and knees partially flexed
normal lumber lordosis

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10
Q

Face sheet/Pt information contains

A

patient’s name, diagnosis, home address and telephone #, next of kin/parent or guardian and their insurance info

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11
Q

Physicians Order section contains…

A

Medications, diagnostic tests, procedures, diet, consultations needed, activity level, resuscitation status

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12
Q

Physician’s Admission Note contains

A

History, Physical examination, physician assessment, and plan

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13
Q

Physician Daily/progress Notes contain

A

physical findings, assessment and plan

SOAP

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14
Q

Consult Service Notes contain

A

other physician services notes such as cardiology, neurology, infectious disease etc, or other healthcare professionals like PT, OT, SLP or social work
Our SOAP notes go here and eval reports go here

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15
Q

Should PT be performed right after dialysis

A

no, patients are completely exhausted

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16
Q

Pertinent information that will assist PT in hospital setting includes

A

weight bearing status, fall risk, droplets for PPE, level on incontinence and competence, current medications and wounds, can they drink water?

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17
Q

acute care definition

A

short term medical treatment, usually in a hospital setting for patients experiencing an acute illness or injury and/or recovering from surgery

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18
Q

standard COVID minimum that is used with ALL patients

A

hand hygiene, risk assessment of PPE, respiratory hygiene, cough etiquette

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19
Q

contact plus precautions

A

gown, gloves, hand washing with soap and water, advanced cleaning (caviwipes)

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20
Q

How many patient identifies should occur prior to any treatment initiation or direct care

A

2
ex. Patient name and date of birth
DO NOT USE ROOM NUMBERS.. they switch all the time

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21
Q

Air fluidized support bed

A

indicated for skin protection
pressurized air flow to suspend pt
attempt to firm bed prior to bed mobility and/or transfers-typically auto-firm

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22
Q

what is a KREG BED used for

A

verticalization therapy

the minutes and degrees can be recorded

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23
Q

how often should a patient change position

A

every 2 hours to prevent contractures, relieve pressure on the skin and aid circulatory systems

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24
Q

Fowlers Position

A

supine, hip/knee flexion, HOB elevated

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25
Trendelenburgs Position
supine, head dependent position | Diagonally laying with head below legs
26
Sequential Compression Devices (SCD)
intermittent compression system with inflatable sleeves that aim to reduce edema
27
When wouldn't you use SCDs
if a patient is suspected of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism risk
28
Pressure Relief Ankle Foot Orthosis (PRAFO)
boot worn on the calf and foot to prevent skin breakdown - heel suspension - most commonly heel decubitus ulcers - allows for neutral hip, knee and ankle alignment
29
Pulse Oximeter
a photoelectrical device that measures oxygen saturation of the blood (SpO2) DON'T WANT IT BELOW 90%
30
Rapid Response Team
intervenes before a patient experiences respiratory or cardiac arrest.
31
Code Blue
hospital code used to indicate a Pt requires immediate resuscitation, typically cardiac arrest and usually CPR is in progress
32
IV
administration of fluids into a vein through the use of a steel needle or plastic catheter
33
Arterial monitoring line (A-line)
catheter inserted into an artery and attached to an electronic monitoring system to directly measure arterial blood pressure and can be used for blood draws
34
Peripheral Inserted Central Catheter (PICC)
long catheter introduced through a vein in arm, follows through subclavian vein into the SVC or RA to administer fluids, meds, blood draws or measure Central Venous Pressure
35
Central Venous Pressure
reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood into the arterial system AKA right atrial pressure
36
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
determined by the cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance
37
Typically desired MAP
>60
38
Swanz-Ganz Catheter (PA Line)
IV catheter usually inserted into basilic or subclavian vein and terminating in the pulmonary artery used for cardiac function monitoring (IN THE NECK) - check to see if pt. is on bedrest - check with RN to ensure line locked - ipsilateral shoulder flexion limited to 90 degrees
39
Triple Lumen
central line located in jugular, subclavian or femoral veins with three external ports, assists with IV med administration, blood tests and CVP monitoring
40
Foley Catheter
INDWELLING.. inside the bladder, inserted through urethra into the bladder to remove urine with drains through plastic tubing into a collection bag
41
External Catheters
males have a condom catheter drainage bag | females have a wall suction with canister, no drainage back and can be removed for mobility
42
Nasogastric Tube (NG tube)
plastic tube inserted through a nostril that terminates in stomach and assists with removing fluid or gas, evaluating GI activity, administering meds and feeding of Pt.
43
Ventilators
use positive pressure to move or propel gas or air into the patients lungs
44
intubation (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal)
ensure with RN to ensure physical therapy is appropriate prior to the session
45
nasal cannula
delivery of low to moderate oxygen concentrations via nostrils
46
oronasal mask
mask with small vent holes to expel exhaled air covering the pt's nose/mouth, moderate to high air concentrations, usually short term
47
tracheostomy mask
placed over the trach tube, usually high concentrations of air are administered
48
oxygen tanks and portable holders
often needed for mobility purposes, store tanks before and after use (fire hazard)
49
Chest tube/drain
remove air, blood, purulent matter or undesirable material from the pts chest or pleural cavity
50
ostomy
surgically produced opening in the abdomen to eliminate feces collected in a plastic bag
51
rectal catheter
inserted into the rectum sometimes as far as the prox. colon, used to help collect or draw out gas/feces
52
Dialysis
``` acute or end stage renal failure blood pumped out of the body, cleansed and returned to body from dialyzer machine DON'T TAKE BP ON THE UE due to fistula CVVH and AVVH close vital monitoring typical PT is bedside activity ```
53
WBAT=
weight bearing as tolerated | 100% permitted and encouraged
54
PWB=
partial weight bearing | 25-50% permitted
55
TDWB=
touch down weight bearing | up to 25% permitted
56
TTWB=
Toe Touch weight bearing | *promotes bad gait
57
NWB=
non weight bearing so no weight is permitted
58
Total Hip Arthroplasty Precautions (posterior lateral approach)
no hip flexion past 90 no hip adduction no internal rotation
59
Total Hip Arthroplasty Precautions (anterior approach)
no excessive hip extension, no external rotation minimal to no muscle cutting surgeon protocols may vary
60
Spinal Precautions
``` avoid BLT (typically 6-8 weeks post surgery) no bending, lifting or twisting ``` teach the log roll
61
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) precautions
no pushing no pulling no lifting more than 5-10 lbs avoid shoulder flexion.abduction greater than 90 and scapular adduction
62
Ischemic Stroke (cerebral vascular accident)
loss of perfusion to area of the brain | could be from embolus (solid, liquid or gas block) or thrombus (atherosclerotic plaque occlusion)
63
hemorrhagic stroke
abnormal bleeding in the brain due to a rupture in blood supply
64
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
atherosclerotic thrombus link, temporary occlusion that resolves quickly
65
Pt presentation post stroke
Unilateral UE or LE weakness on opposite side Poor trunk control Increased or Decreased tone visual deficits/neglect sensory and cognitive deficits (impulsive and agitated)
66
bandage recommended for foot and ankle
3-4"
67
bandage recommended for hand or wrist
1-2"
68
bandage recommended for elbow
2,3,4"
69
bandage recommended for knee
3-4"
70
bandage recommended for thigh
6"
71
bandage recommended for upper arm
3-4"
72
how much should a bandage cover
one inch above and below the wound dressing
73
____ material is not used for dressing or bandaging
polyester
74
function of dressing
prevent wound contamination, prevent infections to other sites, prevent further injury, absorb drainage, apply pressure to avoid hemorrhage, assist wound healing
75
Bandaging functions
keep dressing in place, maintain a barrier between dressing and the environment, provide external pressure to control swelling, provide support or stability, hold splints or other objects in place, assist the dressing in accomplishing its functions
76
common location of pressure sores
malleoli, heel, elbow epicondyles, ischial tuberosities, sacrum
77
minimum assistance
requires touching, contact guard, or guided assistance. Pt performs 75-99% of the work
78
Moderate Assistance | one caregiver
patient performs 50-74% of the work | one caregiver
79
Maximum Assistance
patient performs 25-49% of the work | one caregiver
80
Total Assistance
Patient performs less than 25% of the task. One or more caregivers if more than one person is required the patient automatically moves to total assist level in FIM scoring (1)
81
FIM 7
complete independence
82
FIM 1
total assistance
83
CARE partial/mod assistance
less than half
84
CARE substantial/max assistance
more than half
85
NEVERS in mobility
do not use the patient's clothing never pull on the pt's neck or extremities when moving the patient never allow the pt to pull on your neck
86
contraindications to ROM exercise
movement disrupts to healing such as after an acute injury with an unhealed or unprotected fracture, unprotected recent surgical site or if the patients symptoms intensify with exercise

Interventions (2 decks)

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