Exam 1 Flashcards
(31 cards)
Define data
collections of observations, such as measurements, genders, or survey responses
give examples of data
heights of people, salaries of teachers, students’ favorite colors
define statistics
the science of planning studies and experiments, obtaining data, and organizing summarizing, and presenting those data and then drawing conclusions based on them.
define population
the complete collection of all measurements or data that are being considered
typically, a _________ population is the complete collection of data that we would like to make inferences about
population
census
the collection of data from every member of a population
sample
a sub-collection of members selected from a population
random sample
members of a population are selected randomly
data is statistically significant if the likelihood of an event occurring by chance is _% or less
5
define practical significance
the treatment/finding does not make enough of a difference to justify its use
parameter
a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a population
statistic
a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a sample
give the parameter of this data: There are 17 million high school students in the United States. In a study of 8500 U.S. high school students, 44.5% of them said that they texted while driving at least once during the last month
the population size of 17 million high school students
give the statistics of this data: There are 17 million high school students in the United States. In a study of 8500 U.S. high school students, 44.5% of them said that they texted while driving at least once during the last month
the sample size of 8500 surveyed high school students
quantitative data
consists of numbers representing counts or measurements
give examples of quantitative data
the weights of people, the ages of respondents, the number of siblings
categorical data
consists of names or labels, not numbers that represent counts or measurements
give examples of categorical data
the gender of athletes, the eye color of people
categorical data are sometimes coded with ________s
numbers
give example of categorical data coded with numbers
shirt numbers on athlete uniforms
quantitative data can be further described by differentiating between ______ and ________ types
discrete, continous
discrete data
result when data values are quantitative and the number of values is countable
discrete data can only take on ______ values
specific
discrete data examples
number of cars that each households has, the number of UNR employees, the number of tosses of a coin before getting tails
