Exam 1

Question 1

The professional organization that represents I/O psychologists in the United States

Answer 1

Society for Industrial and Organizational Society (SIOP)

Question 2

An area of scientific study and professional practice that addresses psychological concepts and principles in the work world

Answer 2

I/O psychology

Question 3

A model or framework for education in an academic discipline based on understanding the scientific principles and findings evidenced in the discipline and how they provide the basis for the professional practice

Answer 3

scientist-practicioner model

Question 4

The process by which a professional practice is regulated by law to ensure quality standards are met to protect the public

Answer 4

licensure

Question 5

an intelligence test developed during World War I by I/O psychologists for the selection and placement of military personnel

Answer 5

Army Alpha Test

Question 6

a nonverbal intelligence test developed during World War I by I/O psychologists to assess illiterate recruits

Answer 6

Army Beta Test

Question 7

a series of research studies that began in the late 1920s at the Western Electric Company and ultimately refocused the interests of I/O psychologists on how work behavior manifests itself in an organizational context

Answer 7

Hawthorne studies

Question 8

a positive change in behavior that occurs at the onset of an intervention followed by a gradual decline, often to the original level of the behavior prior to the intervention (first identified in the Hawthorne studies)

Answer 8

Hawthorne effect

Question 9

a test developed during World War II by I/O psychologists for the selection and placement of military personnel

Answer 9

Army General Classification Test (AGCT)

Question 10

a test developed in the 1980s by I/O psychologists for the selection and placement of military personnel

Answer 10

Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)

Question 11

a sustained period (usually several consecutive months) of lowered productivity, increased unemployment, and reduced spending

Answer 11

economic recession

Question 12

an area of research that examines the degree to which psychological concepts and findings generalize to people in other cultures and societies

Answer 12

cross-cultural psychology

Question 13

I/O psychologists generally function in one of two roles: _________ or ____________.

Answer 13

scientists or practitioners

Question 14

a formal process by which knowledge is produced and understood

Answer 14

research

Question 15

the extent to which conclusions drawn from one research study spread or apply to a larger population

Answer 15

generalizability

Question 16

a statement that proposes to explain relationships among phenomena of interest

Answer 16

theory

Question 17

a research process in which conclusions are drawn about a general class of objects or people based on knowledge of a specific member of the class under investigation

Answer 17

inductive method

Question 18

a research process in which conclusions are drawn about a specific member of a lass of objects or people based on knowledge of the general class under investigation

Answer 18

deductive method

Question 19

a plan for conducting scientific research for the purpose of learning about a phenomenon of interest

Answer 19

research design

Question 20

What founding father of I/O psychology is the movie Cheaper By the Dozen based off of?

Answer 20

Lillian Gilbreth

Question 21

After 9/11, what branch of govt. was I/O psychologists assigned to design?

Answer 21

Transportation and Safety Administration

Question 22

What test was developed in WWII to measure intelligence of illiterate recruits?

Answer 22

Army Beta

Question 23

Licensing of I/O psychologists is controversial because:

Answer 23

they aren’t health care providers

Question 24

I/O psychologists belong to what division of the APA?

Answer 24

SIOP

Question 25

Warnings found on cigarettes that say they could cause cancer implies what which method was used in conducting research?

Answer 25

laboratory experiment

Question 26

A correlation can be used to infer causality when:

Answer 26

it can't be (correlation can't be inferred from a correlation)

Question 27

The Hawthorne studies were an example of what research strategy?

Answer 27

quasi-experiment

Question 28

Research started with data and culminated in theory is which method of science?

Answer 28

inductive

Question 29

Criterion deficiency refers:

Answer 29

the extent to which the actual criterion fails to overlap the conceptual criterion

Question 30

"Service with a smile" is associated with:

Answer 30

emotional labor

Question 31

Work analysis includes collecting data on each employee's level of job performance (T/F)

Answer 31

false

Question 32

Relationships between tasks performed on job and the human attributes needed to perform job is established by what type of analysis?

Answer 32

linkage analysis

Question 33

the degree to which the relationships evidenced among variables in a particular research study are accurate or true

Answer 33

internal validity

Question 34

the degree to which the relationships evidenced among variables in a particular research study are generalizable or accurate in other contexts

Answer 34

external validity

Question 35

a class of research methods that generates new information on a particular research question

Answer 35

primary research methods

Question 36

a type of research method in which the investigator manipulates independent variables and assigns subjects to experimental and control condition

Answer 36

laboratory experiment

Question 37

a type of research method for conducting studies in field situations where the researcher may be able to manipulate some independent variables

Answer 37

quasi-experiment

Question 38

a type of research method in which subjects respond to written questions posed by the investigator

Answer 38

questionnaire

Question 39

a type of research method in which the investigator monitors subjects for the purpose of understanding their behavior and culture

Answer 39

observation

Question 40

a class of research methods that examines existing information from research studies that used primary methods

Answer 40

secondary research methods

Question 41

a quantitative secondary research method for summarizing and integrating the findings from the original empirical research studies

Answer 41

meta-analysis

Question 42

the unit or level (individuals, teams, organizations, nations, etc.) that is the object of the researchers' interest and about which conclusions are drawn from the research

Answer 42

level of analysis

Question 43

a class of research methods in which the investigator takes an active role in interacting with the subjects he or she wishes to study

Answer 43

qualitative research

Question 44

a research method that utilizes field observation to study a society's culture

Answer 44

ethnography

Question 45

an approach to researching phenomena that emphasizes knowledge derived from the participants' awareness and understanding of their own culture

Answer 45

emic

Question 46

an approach to researching phenomena that emphasizes knowledge derived from the perspective of a detached objective investigator in understanding a culture

Answer 46

etic

Question 47

an object of study whose measurement can take on two or more values

Answer 47

variable

Question 48

objects of study that inherently have numerical values associated with them, such as weight

Answer 48

quantitative variables

Question 49

objects of study that do not inherently have numerical values associated with them, as gender

Answer 49

categorical variables

Question 50

a variable that can be manipulated to influence the values of the dependent variable

Answer 50

independent variable

Question 51

a variable where values are influenced by the independent variable

Answer 51

dependent variable

Question 52

a variable used to predict or forecast a criterion variable

Answer 52

predictor variable

Question 53

a variable that is a primary object of a research study; it is forecasted by a predictor variable

Answer 53

criterion variable

Question 54

a class of statistical analyses that describe the variable under investigation

Answer 54

descriptive statistics

Question 55

the difference between scientific research findings on organizations and their management versus how organizations are actually managed

Answer 55

scientist-practitioner gap

Question 56

standards used to help make evaluative judgements

Answer 56

criteria

Question 57

the theoretical standard that researchers seek to understand

Answer 57

conceptual criteria

Question 58

the operational or actual standard that researchers measure or asses

Answer 58

actual criterion

Question 59

the part of the conceptual criterion that is not measured by the actual criterion

Answer 59

criterion deficiency

Question 60

the degree of overlap or similarity between the actual criterion and the conceptual criterion

Answer 60

criterion relevance

Question 61

the part of the actual criterion that is unrelated to the conceptual criterion

Answer 61

criterion contamination

Question 62

a formal procedure by which the content of work is defined in terms of activities performed and attributes needed to perform the work

Answer 62

work analysis

Question 63

a person knowledgeable about a a topic who can serve as a qualified information source

Answer 63

subject matter expert (SME)

Question 64

the lowest level of analysis in the study of work; a basic component of work (such as typing for a secretary)

Answer 64

task

Question 65

a set of tasks performed by a single employee; for example, the position of a secretary is often represented by the tasks of typing, filing, and scheduling

Answer 65

position

Question 66

a set of similar positions in an organization

Answer 66

job

Question 67

a grouping of similar jobs in an organization

Answer 67

job family

Question 68

a procedure or set of operations in work analysis designed to identify important or frequently performed tasks as a means of understanding the work performed

Answer 68

task-oriented procedure

Question 69

a method of work analysis that describes the content of jobs in terms of People, Data, and Things

Answer 69

Functional Job Analysis (FJA)

Question 70

A procedure or set of operations in work analysis designed to identify important or frequently utilized human attributes as a means of understanding the work performed

Answer 70

worker-oriented procedure

Question 71

an abbreviation for "knowledge, skills, abilities, and other" characteristics (often used in context of work analysis)

Answer 71

KSAOs

Question 72

a technique in work analysis that establishes the connection between the tasks performed and the human attributes needed to perform them

Answer 72

linkage analysis

Question 73

a classification of objects designed to enhance understanding of the objects being classified

Answer 73

taxonomy

Question 74

a method of work analysis that assesses the content of jobs on the basis of approx. 200 items in the questionnaire

Answer 74

Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)

Question 75

an online computer-based source of information about jobs

Answer 75

Occupational Information Network (O*NET)

Question 76

a process for determining the human characteristics needed to perform successfully within an organization

Answer 76

competency modeling

Question 77

a set of factors used to assess job performance that are (relatively) factual in character

Answer 77

objective performance criteria

Question 78

a set of factor used to assess job performance that are the product of someone's (supervisor, peer, customer) judgements of these factors

Answer 78

subjective performance criteria

Question 79

a broad range of employee behaviors that are harmful to other employees or the organization

Answer 79

deviant workplace behavior

Question 80

the requirement in some jobs that employees express emotions to customers or clients that are associated with enhanced performance in the job

Answer 80

emotional labor

Question 81

a range of employee behaviors that enable them to increase their capacity to cope with organizational change

Answer 81

adaptive behavior

Question 82

employee behavior that transcends job performance and is directed to the overall welfare of the organization

Answer 82

citizenship behavior

Question 83

aspects of job performance that change (increases or decreases) over time

Answer 83

dynamic performance criteria