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Land/ISR > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the purpose of ISTAR?

A

To provide Accurate, Relevant and Timely information

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2
Q

Name the 5 infrastructure nodes for Reaper

A 
Ground Control Station (GCS) 
Fibre Optic
Fixed Site Satelitte Terminal (FSST)
Ku Satelitte
Reaper
Ground Data Terminal (GDT)
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3
Q

Name the crew nodes for Reaper

A

Mission Control Element (MCE)

Launch & Recovery Team (LRT)

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4
Q

What does LTM stand for (and usage)

A

Laser Target Marker

Allows platform to provide a laser mark (sparkle) for SA on enemy positions / HLS sites

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5
Q

What does LRD stand for and what is it’s purpose?

A

Laser Range Designator

Munition release (weapon drop). Uses PRF to designate target position and info for weapons

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6
Q

Name one disadvantage of Reaper

A

Only one data link. If you lose this then you will lose comms and control over the aircraft

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7
Q

NDIR meaning and platforms

A

Non Dedicated ISR

Typhoon and F-35

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8
Q

Which waves does land focus on?

A

Infra red (medium wave) and visible light (EO/IR)

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9
Q

Name 5 factors that affect EO/IR cameras

A 
Precipitation
Sun
Clouds
Visibility
Fog
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10
Q

What is the IR phenomena and when does it occur?

A

It is the thermal crossover (emissivity blends so objects no longer stand out)

Occurs + - 1 hour after sunrise and sunset

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11
Q

How do we mitigate thermal crossover?

A

Changing the polarity of the camera (black hot and white hot)

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12
Q

What is the difference between ISR and ISTAR?

A

ISR- Strategic and Operational level (C2)

ISTAR- Tactical level

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13
Q

What are the 7 elements to the EO/IR turret?

A 
Gimbal
Turret
Master Control Unit (MCU)
Controls
Displays
Recorders
Downlink
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14
Q

One line describing the turret

A

Contains the EOW (left hand side), EON (right hand side), LTM and LTR, IR camera

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15
Q

One line describing the Gimbal

A

Performs stabilisation, steering and pointing

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16
Q

Two types of ‘thermal scarring’

A

Hot and Cold

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17
Q

One line describing the MCU

A

Controls, manipulates and processes the data from the payload (brains of the system)

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18
Q

What do joystick controls operate?

A

Steering function of the turret

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19
Q

What do operator controls operate?

A

All other controls aside from the steering function

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20
Q

Two types of displays

A

Master monitor (shows video in command)

Repeater screens (repeat of master monitor)

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21
Q

One line describing the Recorder

A

Either built into the MCU (auto controlled) or as a separate recorder (operator controlled)

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22
Q

One line describing the downlink

A

Can be encrypted and sent to ground stations to provide better SA

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23
Q

What are the azimuth and elevation limitations of the turret?

A

Azimuth is 360°, elevation limit is dependant on platform

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24
Q

What is the phenomenon called when the turret spins after going over a target directly?

25
Intelligence cycle
Intel customers Intel requirements manager Direction Collection (through collection manager) Process Disseminate Review (in centre)
26
ISR Process
``` Task Collect Process Exploit Disseminate Feedback ```
27
What is a true black body?
An object with a emissivity value of one.
28
What is IRCAGE?
``` Infra Red Choke points Aiming markers Ground disturbance Environment ```
29
What is CLEWS?
``` Cover LOS Escape routes Weapons Spotters ```
30
What technique do we use to find a location?
Funnel search
31
2 types of scan?
Rolling box (keeps target on screen) RASTER scan (used for scan of large area)
32
What is GODBEE?
``` Get information Orientate Discuss Brief Execute Evaluate ``` Re start cycle!
33
What is a squirter?
An enemy fleeing the battle scene
34
What is PID?
Positive Identification. When a trained individual positively identifies an individual or weapon system.
35
What is CDE?
Collateral Damage Estimate. Calculated by the CAOC.
36
What is BDA?
Battle Damage Assessment. Does it meet military objectives? Estimation of damage through lethal / non-lethal action Physical and functional damage
37
Name 3/4 'key' EO/IR roles
``` Target Development Pattern of Life Convoy Support /Route recce Counter IED (CIED) HLS recce Raid Support Joint Personnel Recovery Target Illumination / CAS Battle Damage Assessment ```
38
What are the main similarities and differences between PAS and RPAS?
SIMILARITIES: All operators are to abide by LOAC Both types of platform operate with SOP's DIFFERENCES: Crewed and Uncrewed aircraft RPAS has weapons deployment functionality
39
What is meant by the term 'slant'?
Report containing number of male/female/children in the order of 'Bravo/Echo/Kilo'. "Slant 5/5/2"
40
Where can you 'Get Information' from?
JTAC (8 line)/ ATO/ RSTA/ J2/ Aircraft Handover
41
What is meant by the term 'handshake'?
Video link received and link confirmed by JTAC
42
What is meant by the term 'Hollow'?
Video link not received by JTAC
43
Three levels of the intelligence cycle
Strategic Operational Tactical
44
What does MCE stand for when describing the operators for reaper?
Mission Control Element
45
What ISR capability does the typhoon have?
NDISR (Litening III Pod)
46
What ISR capability does the F35 have?
NDISR (Electro-Optical Targeting System and Synthetic Appature Radar)
47
What phases of Process, Exploitation, Dissemination are there?
Phase 0/1- carried on board by sensor op, real time inputs from Downlink to SU Phase 2/3- Carried out off board by an agency (then fed back into the iny cycle)
48
What happens if we lose PID on a target?
PID needs to be regained by a trained individual
49
Describe Pattern Of Life
Building a picture of the 'normal' so the 'abnormal' stands out. (Routes, Routines, Bed times, Cooking times)
50
Describe convoy support/route recce
Pre, during and post. Remain ahead of convoy, point out possible hazards, ensure 'no comms' procedure
51
Describe CIED ops
Counter IED Operate in 'peak activity' times Use 'IRCAGE' pneumonic
52
Describe HLS recce
Scan for suitable area (flat, suitable location, no obstructions) Use 'sparkle' to illuminate
53
Describe raid support
Scan area for spotters/snipers Look out for squirters Report through pre determined channels
54
Describe JPR
Joint Personnel Recovery Co ordinated by CAOC Looking for friendly forces and keeping an eye out for enemy forces Clearing HLS spot
55
Describe Target Illumination/CAS
Using sparkle to give SU's Sit Awareness of enemy position Using CAS to destroy / delay enemy in close proximity to friendly troops
56
How do we 'orientate'?
Identify key features (roads, rivers, tree lines, buildings) Relate to map Use funnel technique
57
A-H'S to describe individual
``` Age Build Clothing Distinguishing features Elevation (height) Face Gait Hair Sex ```
58
Similarities and differences with manned and unmanned platforms
Crewed and Uncrewed Weapons capabilities SA Emergency drills

Land/ISR (2 decks)

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