Exam 1 Flashcards
(54 cards)
Anatomy
form, organization, structure
Physiology
Function
What phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend most of its time in?
Interphase
Negative feedback
responses reduces the/shuts down original stimulus
Positive feedback
Enhances the original stimulus
Example of positive feedback
Enhancement of labor contractions
Example of negative feedback
Regulation of body temperature
Catabolic
breaks down molecules, products have less potential energy
Catabolic reaction example
food digestion
Anabolic
build molecules from smaller pieces, products have more potential energy
Anabolic reaction example
Muscle gain
Bright field microscope
stained image against a light background
Electron microscope
uses electron beams instead of light, has greater magnification
Robert Hooke
First to visualize and name cells
What organelles do you only find in plant cells?
Cell wall, chloroplasts, and large vacuole
What happens to malfunctioning protein in the cell membrane?
Removed from membrane and degraded
Tight junctions
integral proteins fuse together forming a impermeable junction, prevents fluid from moving in between cells
Desmosomes
Rivets or spot welds that anchor cells together at plaque
Gap Junctions
transmembrane proteins form pores (connexons) that allow small molecules to pass from cell to cell
Prophase
chromosomes condense into short rods, spindle forms cytoplasm, and nuclear envelope disappears
Metaphase
spindle is formed, chromosomes align at metaphase plate
Anaphase
Chromatids separate by moving to opposite spindle poles
Telophase
Chromosomes decondense, new nuclear envelope develops
What´s the difference between passive and active diffusion?
Passive doesn´t use ATP energy and it goes from high to low concentration
